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Anatomy > Final Exam LOs > Flashcards

Final Exam LOs Flashcards

1
Q

What motions does the coracoclavicular ligament restrict?

A

medial displacement, protraction, and elevation of AC joint

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2
Q

What function does the acromioclavicular ligament have?

A

stabilize AC joint

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3
Q

What motions does the coracoacromial ligament restrict?

A

superior displacement of humeral head

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4
Q

What function does the coracohumeral ligament have?

A

reinforce superolateral aspects of joint capsule

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5
Q

What does the superior transverse scapular ligament do?

A

closes off suprascapular notch

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6
Q

What function does the glenohumeral ligaments have?

A

stabilize GH joint

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7
Q

What motion does the costoclavicular ligament restrict?

A

elevation of clavicle and stabilze SC joint

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8
Q

What motion does the ulnar collateral ligament restrict?

A

excessive cubital valgus

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9
Q

What motion does the radial collateral ligament restrict?

A

excessive cubital varus

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10
Q

What is the function of the anular ligament?

A

stabilize proximal radioulnar joint

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11
Q

What is the function of the transverse carpal ligament?

A

prevent bowstringing of flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, and flexor digitorum profundus tendons

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12
Q

What are the attachments of the sacrotuberous ligament and the function?

A

PIIs, lateral sacrum to ischial tuberosity

stabilize SI joint

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13
Q

What are the attachments of the sacrospinous ligament and function?

A

ischial spine to lateral sacrum

stabilize SI joint

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14
Q

What are the 3 capsular ligaments of the hip and what function do they serve?

A

iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, pubofemoral

taut with extension

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15
Q

Attachments of iliofemoral ligament?

A

AIIS to intertrochanteric line

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16
Q

Attachments of pubofemoral ligament?

A

iliopubic eminence & superior pubic ramus to fibrous capsule of hip

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17
Q

Attachments of ischiofemoral ligament?

A

ischium posterior to acetabulum to greater trochanter

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18
Q

Attachments of ligamentum teres?

A

fovea of femoral head to acetabular notch

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19
Q

Function of the transverse acetabular ligament?

A

interconnect acetabular notch

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20
Q

Attachments and function of medial collateral ligament of knee?

A

medial epicondyle to medial condyle of tibia

resist genu valgus

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21
Q

Attachments of lateral collateral ligament of knee and function?

A

lateral epicondyle to head of fibula

resist genu varus

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22
Q

Attachments of anterior cruciate ligament and function?

A

medial anterior intercondylar area of tibia to medial posterior of lateral condyle of femur

prevent posterior displacement of femur & hyperextension

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23
Q

Attachments of posterior cruciate ligament & function?

A

posterior intercondylar area of tibia to lateral surface of medial condyle of femur

prevents anterior displacement of femur

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24
Q

Attachments of patellar ligament and function?

A

apex of patella to tibial tuberosity

resists knee flexion

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25
Q

Attachments of medial collateral ligaments (aka deltoid ligaments) of ankle and function?

A

medial malleolus to talus, navicular, and calcaneous

resists forced eversion

26
Q

What are the capsular ligaments of the ankle and what motion do they resist?

A

ATFL, PTFL, calcaneofibular, lateral talocalaneal

resists inversion

27
Q

Attachments of long plantar ligament and function?

A

plantar surface of calcaneous & cuboid to plantar surface of metatarsals

assists in creating arch of foot

28
Q

What muscles are innervated by the buccal branch of the facial nerve?

A

buccinator, depressor anguli oris, levator labii superioris, nasalis, obicularis oris and oculi, zygomaticus major

29
Q

What muscles are innervated by the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve?

A

levator labii superioris, obicularis oculi, zygomaticus major

30
Q

What muscles are innervated by the temporal branch of the facial nerve?

A

frontalis, obicularis oculi

31
Q

What muscles are innervated by the cervical branch of the facial nerve?

A

platysma

32
Q

What muscles are innervated by the mandibular branch of the facial nerve?

A

depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, obicularis oris

33
Q

What muscles are innervated superior ramus of the occulomotor nerve?

A

superior rectus, levator palpabrae superioris

34
Q

What muscles are innervated by the inferior ramus of the oculomotor nerve?

A

inferior rectus, inferior oblique, medial rectus

35
Q

What nerve innervates lateral rectus?

A

abducens nerve (CN VI)

36
Q

What nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle?

A

trochlear nerve (CN IV)

37
Q

What muscles are innervated by the mandibular nerve (V3)?

A

muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior digastric

38
Q

What nerves innervate the geniohyoid and thyrohyoid?

A

ventral rami cervical spinal nerve via CN XII

39
Q

What muscles are innervated by the ventral rami of the cervical spinal nerves? lower ?

A

longus capitis, longus colli, posterior scalene

anterior and middle scalene

40
Q

What muscles are innervated by ansa cervicalis?

A

omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid

41
Q

What nerves innervated sternocleidomastoid muscle?

A

CN XI and C1-2

42
Q

What nerve innervated cricothyroid muscle?

A

external laryngeal nerve of CN X

43
Q

What muscles are innervated by dorsal scapular nerve?

A

levator scapulae, rhomboids

44
Q

What nerve innervates the serratus anterior?

A

long thoracic nerve

45
Q

What nerve innervates supra and infraspinous mm?

A

suprascapular

46
Q

What muscles are innervated by upper subscapular nerve?

A

subscapularis

47
Q

What nerve innervates subscapularis & teres major?

A

lower subscapular n.

48
Q

What muscles are innervated by axillary nerve?

A

deltoid & teres minor

49
Q

What muscles are innervated by the radial nerve?

A

forearm extensors, triceps brachii, brachioradialis, anconeus, supinator

50
Q

What nerve innervates biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, and brachialis mm.?

A

musculocutaneous n.

51
Q

What muscles are innervated by the medial nerve?

A

forearm flexors, lateral 2 lumbricals, pronators (teres & quadratus)

52
Q

What muscles are innervated by the ulnar nerve?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum profundus, digiti minimi mm., medial 2 lumbricals

53
Q

What makes up the anatomical snuff box dorsally and volarly? What is in the floor?

A

dorsal: extensor pollicis longus
volar: abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis
floor: scaphoid

54
Q

Angle of inclination > 125°

A

Coxa valga which leads to genu varus

lengthens lower extremity and increases load on femoral head, decreases load on femoral neck

55
Q

Angle of inclination <125°

A

coxa vara leads to genu valgus

shortens lower extremity, increased load on femoral neck, decreased load on femoral head

56
Q

What is the angle of torsion and what is a normal angle?

A

angle between axis of femoral condyles & axis of femoral head

8-15°

57
Q

Excessive increased angle of torsion leads to ….

A

anteversion

58
Q

Excessive decreased angle of torsion leads to ….

A

retroversion

59
Q

How does the shoulder commonly dislocate?

A

anteriorly (displaces inferior and then humeral head moves anterior)

vulnerable to dislocation when arm is abducted

inferior joint capsule is not reinforced with muscles/ligaments

60
Q

Process of intervertebral disc herniation

A
  1. Breakdown of anulus fibrosis
  2. Expulsion of nucleus pulposus
  3. Most commonly posterolateral
  4. PLL blocks expulsion in only posterior direction
  5. Enters intervertebral foramen
  6. Usually effects spinal nerve below

Anatomy (17 decks)

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