muscles and bones

Question 1

what are the 3 types of muscle?

Answer 1

smooth, cardiac, skeletal

Question 2

which muscles are striated

Answer 2

cardiac and skeletal

Question 3

which muscles are non-striated

Answer 3

smooth

Question 4

which muscles are voluntary

Answer 4

skeletal

Question 5

which muscles are involuntary

Answer 5

cardiac, smooth

Question 6

example of smooth muscle

Answer 6

lining of the digestive tract and blood vessels

Question 7

example of skeletal muscle

Answer 7

biceps brachii
rector femoris
rector abdominis

(any muscle)

Question 8

example of cardiac muscle

Answer 8

in the heart

Question 9

which type of muscle surrounds the bones

Answer 9

skeletal muscle

Question 10

tendons connect _________ to ____________

Answer 10

muscle to bone

Question 11

ligaments connect ____________ to ____________

Answer 11

bones to bones

Question 12

shortening of the sarcomeres leads to muscle

Answer 12

contracting

Question 13

lengthening of the sarcomeres leads to muscle

Answer 13

extension

Question 14

what are the 4 major steps of muscle contraction?

Answer 14

1. The brain sends a signal to the muscle
2. acetylcholine talks to the muscle to send sodium to enter the muscle.
3. sodium ions change the charge of the muscle cell creating action potential releasing calcium
4. calcium bonds with troponin and tropomyosin and t & t moves so actin and myosin bond –> muscle contracts

Question 15

chemicals that carry signals from nerve cells to muscle cells or other never cells.

Answer 15

acetylcholine. neuron transmitter??

Question 16

which chemical specifically stimulates muscle cell contraction by opening sodium channels?

Answer 16

acetylcholine

Question 17

which two molecules prevent myosin from bonding with actin?

Answer 17

troponin and tropomyosin

Question 18

what are the 5 major functions of bones?

Answer 18

create blood cells, movement, structure, mineral storage, and protection

Question 19

what is the axial skeleton?

Answer 19

the central of the body

Question 20

what is the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 20

bones of upper and lower limbs

Question 21

is the skull a part of the appendicular skeleton or axial

Answer 21

axial

Question 22

is the scapula a part of the appendicular skeleton or axial

Answer 22

appendicular

Question 23

what is the outermost layer of a long bone called

Answer 23

periosteum

Question 24

the spine is made up of ___ cervical vertebrae, ___ thoracic vertebrae, and ___ lumbar vertebrae

Answer 24

7,12,5

Question 25

all ribs are attached to the _______. not all ribs are attached to the ________

Answer 25

spine, sternum

Question 26

list all bones of the arm from most proximal to most distal

Answer 26

scapula, humerus, radius/ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges

Question 27

during bone development, ________________ produces new bone, whereas ___________________ removes bone-laying cells

Answer 27

osteoblasts, osteoclasts

Question 28

arms and legs are longer?

male or female

Answer 28

male

Question 29

skull is larger

Answer 29

male

Question 30

shoulders are wider

Answer 30

male

Question 31

pelvis is wider

Answer 31

female

Question 32

what are the four stages of fracture repair in order?

Answer 32

1. hematoma
2. fibrocartilaginous callus formation
3. bony callus formation
4. bone remodeling