mitosis and protein synthesis

Question 1

what are the 3 stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 1

interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis

Question 2

what is cytokinesis?

Answer 2

division of the cell

Question 3

what is mitosis?

Answer 3

splitting/division of DNA (occurs in the nucleus)

Question 4

what is interphase?

Answer 4

the first phase of the cell cycle

Question 5

what is the purpose of interphase?

Answer 5

where the cell spends most of its time, replicates its DNA, growth and development

Question 6

what is the acronym for mitosis?

Answer 6

PMAT

Question 7

what does PMAT stand for?

Answer 7

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 8

what is the first phase of mitosis and what is its purpose

Answer 8

• prophase
• spindle fibers form, chromosomes coil up, nuclear membrane disappears

Question 9

what is the second phase of mitosis and what is its purpose

Answer 9

• metaphase
• spindle fibers attach to the centrioles, chromosomes line up along the center of the cell

Question 10

what is the third phase of mitosis and what is its purpose

Answer 10

• anaphase
• spindle fibers pull apart chromosomes to opposite poles

Question 11

what is the fourth phase of mitosis and what is its purpose

Answer 11

• telophase
• spindle fibers begin to disappear, nuclear membranes form around chromosomes, and two new nuclei are formed

Question 12

what are the two steps to protein synthesis?

Answer 12

step 1. transcription
step 2. translation

Question 13

what does transcription do in protein synthesis?

Answer 13

transcription takes a single strand of DNA so it can get copied into RNA in the nucleus then the mRNA is transported to the cytoplasm for step 2

Question 14

what does translation do in protein synthesis?

Answer 14

after the mRNA is transported to the ribosomes the anti codon pairs with the codon so a polypeptide chain of amino acids is formed which helps the mRNA gets translated into tRNA which is converted into proteins