Muscles Flashcards
what does syncytium mean in relation to cardiac muscle
when one cell contracts they all contract. The heart also has automaticity and autorythmicity
What shape is smooth muscle?
fusiform
What functions of skeletal muscle?
Producitng movement. Producing Heat, Posture/ stabilzing body position.
What are functions of smooth muscle?
Movement of substances throughout the body, regulations oregano volume.
What are the properties of Muscle tissues?
Exitability, Conductivity, Contractillty, Extensibility, Elasticitcity
What kind of muscle can be extended a lot without wakening the muscle
smooth muscle
What is the functional unit of the muscle?
The sarcomere
What is the sarcolemma?
Cell membrane of a muscle
What s a group of muscle fibers together?
a fascicle
What structure surrounding each sarcolemma is composite of areolar connective tissue?
Endomysium
What structure surround each fascicle and what tissue type is it composed of
Perimysium, areolar connective tissue
What is the difference between a direct and indirect tendon
Indirect muscles have a tendon that connects to the bone. In a direct muscle the fascia of the muscle weaves directly into the periosteum
Connective tissues of muscles collectively form what, and what are their functions
Series elastic elements. Functions are to add power and return muscles to their resting lengths
What is another name for superficial fascia of muscle?
The hypodermic
What is are developmental precursors for muscle fibers and what are the cells that assist in their assembly?
Myoblasts, and satellite cells.
What is the oxygen carrying molecule of muscles
Myoglobin
What are the function of transverse tubules
The quickly move the electrical impulse throughout the cell
What does the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum do?
Acts as a storage point for calcium?
What is Nebulan?
A protein that attaches the actin to the Z disc
What are the two contractile proteins in a sarcomere?
Myosin and actin
What protein holds the myosin.
Myomesin
What is the function of Dystrophin?
Attach the contractile elements to the cell membrane
What are the regulatory proteins of the sacromere?
Tropomyosin and troponin
What is a motor unit?
a motor neuron and muscles fibers that it enervates
Where does calcium bind in a sacromere?
at the Troponin
Which regulatory protein prevents the myacin heads from binding to the actin active sites, and how many heads does each molecule cover
Tropomyacin, 6-7 g-actin
What protein is at the center of the m-line
Myomesin
How many strands make up actin and what are the subunits called?
Two strands mad of G-action (globular)
What is the traveling action potential called?
A nerve impulse
What is the absolute refractory period?
Nothing can start another Action potential until the sodium gates res et to baseline
What is the relative refractory period?
The time during which the sodium gate have reset but the potassium gates are still open
What is another name for spongy bone as a whole and one for the bone portion of the spongy bone
Spongy bone can be called dipole the bone portion is Trabeculae
What is the bone marrow cavity in a long bone called?
Medullary cavity
