Muscle

Question 1

Epimyusium

Answer 1

covers entire muscle

Question 2

perimysium

Answer 2

covers muscle fasicle

Question 3

endomysium

Answer 3

covers each muscle cell

Question 4

A bands

I bands

Answer 4

a bands dark

i bands light

Question 5

actin vs myosin

Answer 5

thin -actin part of the I band

thick myosin part of the a band

Question 6

titin

Answer 6

associated with myosin

during relaxation titin generates passive tension

Question 7

Desmin

Answer 7

intermediate filament
encircles z disk of each sarcomere
attaches to costameres (special sarcolemma)

Question 8

Muscle contraction what shortens what stays the same

Answer 8

The H and I band reduce

A and Z stay the same

Question 9

What is the back up source of energy during muscle contraction?

Answer 9

hydrolysis of creatine phosphate

Question 10

what would an antibody against the voltage gated K channel

Answer 10

lasting depolarzation state following release of neurotransmitter

Question 11

Antibody to voltage gated CA 21 channel

Answer 11

continous inflow of Ca causing muscular weakness

Question 12

Botulinum toxin

Answer 12

prevents release of acetylcholine

binds to presynaptic memebrane

Question 13

Curare

Answer 13

binds to acetylcholine receptor
prevents binding of acetylcholine
paralysis

Question 14

Myasthenia gravis

Answer 14

autoantibody binding to the acetylcholine receptor causes myasthenia gravis (fatigue with exercise)

Question 15

Muscle Contraction

Answer 15

1. action potential along sarcolemma reaches t tubule
2. depolarization
3. l type voltage sensitive calcium channel (membrane transverse tubule) changes conformation
4. conformationc hange induces ryanodine sensitive calcium channel in membrane of sarplasmic reticulum release calcium
5. ryanodine sensitive ca channel opens and release calcium

Question 16

calsequestrin

Answer 16

binds calcium in the lumen of sarcoplamic reticulum

Question 17

ca-atpase

Answer 17

mediates return of calicum to the sarcoplasmic lumen

Question 18

Satellite cells

Answer 18

stem cell population

for stres or trauma

Question 19

What is in the longitudinal component of the intercalated disk

Answer 19

gap juntion

Question 20

what is in the transverse component of the intercalated disk

Answer 20

desmosomes and fascia adherentes

Question 21

phospholamban

Answer 21

controls active transport of calcium into the lumen of the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 22

Where are triads seen?

Answer 22

skeletal muscle

Question 23

where are diads seen?

Answer 23

cardiac muscle

Question 24

at what levels are diads found?

Answer 24

at the level of the z disc

Question 25

at what levels are triads found?

Answer 25

at the level of the a/ I junction

Question 26

Cardiac muscles have what type of nuclues

Answer 26

central located

Question 27

Mycardial ischeemia

Answer 27

occlusion of the coronary artery results within the first 24 hours
pyknotic (irregulary shaped nucleus)

Question 28

caveolae

Answer 28

depressions of plasma memebrane

fluid and electrolyte transport (pinocytosis)

Question 29

red muscle fibers versus white

Answer 29

red-jogging mitocondria

white-sprinting