MUSCLE

Question 1

this is the functional unit of muscle composed of overlapping thick and thin filaments anchored in characteristic arrangement?

Answer 1

sarcomere

Question 2

thick filament

Answer 2

myosin

Question 3

thin filament

Answer 3

f-actin

Question 4

A band

Answer 4

actin and myosin

Question 5

I band

Answer 5

actin only

Question 6

M line

Answer 6

myosin and binding protein

Question 7

H zone

Answer 7

myosin only

Question 8

Z line

Answer 8

binding protein

Question 9

the Z line of the I band in embedded where in the sarcomere?

Answer 9

A band

Question 10

T/F, muscle fiber is the muscle cell?

Answer 10

T

Question 11

how is muscle cell formed?

Answer 11

fusion of many myoblasts into tubes

Question 12

what part of the skeletal muscle contains the contractile protein?

Answer 12

myofibrils

Question 13

in terms of muscle growth, all muscles can do this?

Answer 13

hypertrophy

Question 14

not significant in skeletal or cardiac muscle but smooth muscle retains the capacity to do this?

Answer 14

hyperplasia

Question 15

this is the change to a different form?

Answer 15

metaplasia

Question 16

plasmalemma?

Answer 16

sarcolemma

Question 17

ER sequesters the Ca

Answer 17

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 18

terminal storage areas of SER

Answer 18

terminal cisternae

Question 19

invaginations of sarcolemma spec for rapid depolarization into fiber

Answer 19

transverse tubule

Question 20

why is calsequestrin important?

Answer 20

for binding of calcium in the terminal cisterna

Question 21

this blocks the binding sites on actin for myosin?

Answer 21

tropomyosin

Question 22

calcium released from the sarc reticulum that binds to this?

Answer 22

troponin

Question 23

contraction is all or none or graded?

Answer 23

all or none

Question 24

one nerve and all fibers supplied

Answer 24

motor unit

Question 25

myoneural jct

Answer 25

motor end plate

Question 26

sensory input to CNS to monitor and adjust stretch and contraction

Answer 26

neuromuscular spindles

Question 27

monitor stretch in tendons

Answer 27

neurotendinous endings

Question 28

point where motor nerve pierces the epimysium

Answer 28

motor point

Question 29

describe the red fibers?

Answer 29

small diameter, much myoglobin, little glycogen, many mitochondria

Question 30

describe the white fibers?

Answer 30

much glycogen, fewer mitochondria, little or no myoglobin, larger diameter

Question 31

covering around each muscle fiber?

Answer 31

endomysium

Question 32

covering the individual bundles of muscle fibers

Answer 32

perimysium

Question 33

covering of the entire muscle?

Answer 33

epimysium

Question 34

T/F, striated muscle doesn't need extracellular calcium for contraction like smooth muscle?

Answer 34

T

Question 35

of the skeletal muscle fibers which is the fastest? what is type I, IIa

Answer 35

type IIb, white fibers red fibers intermediate fibers

Question 36

in skeletal muscle fiber, when you see a red stain, what is this?

Answer 36

glycogen, so white fibers

Question 37

what is significant about the muscle spindle apparatus?

Answer 37

sensory | smiliar to Golgi tendon organ that processes information about the state of stretch of the tendons

Question 38

alpha motor neurons are sensory or motor?

Answer 38

motor

Question 39

gamma motor neurons are sensory or motor?

Answer 39

sensory

Question 40

T/F, cardiac muscle is a true structural syncytium but acts like a functional one due to intercalated discs?

Answer 40

F, it is not

Question 41

which muscle type has branching?

Answer 41

cardiac muscle

Question 42

how to correctly ID the cardiac muscle?

Answer 42

centrally located nuclei, intercalated discs, striations

Question 43

where do the T tubules meet in the heart and skeletal muscles?

Answer 43

Z line A-I junction

Question 44

what is the arrangement of the t tubules in the cardiac and skeletal muscle?

Answer 44

dyad triad

Question 45

how is atrial muscle different from ventricular muscle?

Answer 45

smaller diameter, fewer terminal cisternae, more t-tubules and releases ANP

Question 46

what is ANP?

Answer 46

atrial natriuretic polypeptide and is used as a diuretic and vasodilator

Question 47

what are conduction fibers?

Answer 47

SA, VA, bundle of HIS and purkinje fibers less like muscle and more non contractile cells, not specialized for contraction as much as condition of ions

Question 48

what is noticeable in the aging heart?

Answer 48

lipofuscin calcium crystals