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KSUCPM ORGAN SYSTEMS > MUSCLE > Flashcards

MUSCLE Flashcards

1
Q

this is the functional unit of muscle composed of overlapping thick and thin filaments anchored in characteristic arrangement?

A

sarcomere

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2
Q

thick filament

A

myosin

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3
Q

thin filament

A

f-actin

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4
Q

A band

A

actin and myosin

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5
Q

I band

A

actin only

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6
Q

M line

A

myosin and binding protein

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7
Q

H zone

A

myosin only

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8
Q

Z line

A

binding protein

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9
Q

the Z line of the I band in embedded where in the sarcomere?

A

A band

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10
Q

T/F, muscle fiber is the muscle cell?

A

T

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11
Q

how is muscle cell formed?

A

fusion of many myoblasts into tubes

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12
Q

what part of the skeletal muscle contains the contractile protein?

A

myofibrils

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13
Q

in terms of muscle growth, all muscles can do this?

A

hypertrophy

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14
Q

not significant in skeletal or cardiac muscle but smooth muscle retains the capacity to do this?

A

hyperplasia

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15
Q

this is the change to a different form?

A

metaplasia

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16
Q

plasmalemma?

A

sarcolemma

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17
Q

ER sequesters the Ca

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

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18
Q

terminal storage areas of SER

A

terminal cisternae

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19
Q

invaginations of sarcolemma spec for rapid depolarization into fiber

A

transverse tubule

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20
Q

why is calsequestrin important?

A

for binding of calcium in the terminal cisterna

21
Q

this blocks the binding sites on actin for myosin?

A

tropomyosin

22
Q

calcium released from the sarc reticulum that binds to this?

A

troponin

23
Q

contraction is all or none or graded?

A

all or none

24
Q

one nerve and all fibers supplied

A

motor unit

25
Q

myoneural jct

A

motor end plate

26
Q

sensory input to CNS to monitor and adjust stretch and contraction

A

neuromuscular spindles

27
Q

monitor stretch in tendons

A

neurotendinous endings

28
Q

point where motor nerve pierces the epimysium

A

motor point

29
Q

describe the red fibers?

A

small diameter, much myoglobin, little glycogen, many mitochondria

30
Q

describe the white fibers?

A

much glycogen, fewer mitochondria, little or no myoglobin, larger diameter

31
Q

covering around each muscle fiber?

A

endomysium

32
Q

covering the individual bundles of muscle fibers

A

perimysium

33
Q

covering of the entire muscle?

A

epimysium

34
Q

T/F, striated muscle doesn’t need extracellular calcium for contraction like smooth muscle?

A

T

35
Q

of the skeletal muscle fibers which is the fastest? what is type I, IIa

A

type IIb, white fibers

red fibers
intermediate fibers

36
Q

in skeletal muscle fiber, when you see a red stain, what is this?

A

glycogen, so white fibers

37
Q

what is significant about the muscle spindle apparatus?

A

sensory

smiliar to Golgi tendon organ that processes information about the state of stretch of the tendons

38
Q

alpha motor neurons are sensory or motor?

A

motor

39
Q

gamma motor neurons are sensory or motor?

A

sensory

40
Q

T/F, cardiac muscle is a true structural syncytium but acts like a functional one due to intercalated discs?

A

F, it is not

41
Q

which muscle type has branching?

A

cardiac muscle

42
Q

how to correctly ID the cardiac muscle?

A

centrally located nuclei, intercalated discs, striations

43
Q

where do the T tubules meet in the heart and skeletal muscles?

A

Z line

A-I junction

44
Q

what is the arrangement of the t tubules in the cardiac and skeletal muscle?

A

dyad

triad

45
Q

how is atrial muscle different from ventricular muscle?

A

smaller diameter, fewer terminal cisternae, more t-tubules and releases ANP

46
Q

what is ANP?

A

atrial natriuretic polypeptide and is used as a diuretic and vasodilator

47
Q

what are conduction fibers?

A

SA, VA, bundle of HIS and purkinje fibers

less like muscle and more non contractile cells, not specialized for contraction as much as condition of ions

48
Q

what is noticeable in the aging heart?

A

lipofuscin

calcium crystals

KSUCPM ORGAN SYSTEMS (16 decks)

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