HEMOSTASIS

Question 1

function of the plasma proteins?

Answer 1

transport
antibodies
osmotic regulation
blood clotting

Question 2

what are the types of plasma proteins based on the chart?

Answer 2

albumin
globulins
A1 lipoproteins
fibrinogen

globulins divided up into:
A1,A2, B1, antibodies

a2:
a2 glycoproteins
ceruloplasmin
prothrombin

B:
B1 lipoprotein
transferrin
plasminogen

antibodies:
IgA
IgG
ETC

Question 3

what are the lipid transport proteins?

Answer 3

alpha 1 lipoprotein

beta 1 lipoprotein

Question 4

what are the blood clotting proteins?

Answer 4

fibrinogen
plasminogen
prothrombin

Question 5

what are the specific transporters?

Answer 5

transferrin

ceruloplasmin

Question 6

the types of antibodies?

Answer 6

gamma globulins

Question 7

• HDLs present in the blood at concentrations of 350-450 mg%
• 40-70% of the structure is lipid with remainder being apoprotein
• Functions:
o Scavenge cholesterol
o Donate apoprotein to VLDLs and chylomicrons

Answer 7

α1- lipoproteins

Question 8

• LDLs present at similar concentrations to HDLs
• Huge size with molecular weight of up to 20 mil
• 80-90% of LDL is lipid with apoprotein as the rest
• Function:
o Lipid transport for FFA donation to tissues (particularly adipocytes)

Answer 8

β1-lipoprotiens

Question 9

• Very large glycoprotein present in blood at concentrations of 300 mg%
• Precursor for fibrin which forms the mesh that hold clot together (function)

Answer 9

Fibrinogen

Question 10

• Intermediate sized protein present at low concentration

* Precursor for fibrinolysin which dissolves clots (function)

Answer 10

Plasminogen (β)

Question 11

• Small glycoprotein

* Precursor for thrombin, which is important in triggering fibrin mesh formation (function)

Answer 11

Prothrombin (β)

Question 12

• Intermediate sized glycoprotein present at ~40 mg %

* Function: transport iron in blood

Answer 12

Transferrin

Question 13

• Similar in size and concentration to Transferrin

* Function: copper transport

Answer 13

Ceruloplasmin

Question 14

4 phases of hemostasis

Answer 14

vascular phase
platelet phase
coagulation phase
fibrinolysis phase

Question 15

vasoconstriction, we see decrease in blood loss by lowering pressure? T/F

Answer 15

T

Question 16

name this phase of hemostasis?

it also contains collagen, and contact with collagen stimulates platelets

ADP promotes more platelets to clump at the site and activate

plugs (loose clots) are not affected by anticoagulants (Heparin, Dicoumarol)

Answer 16

Platelet Aggregation

Question 17

plugs (loose clots) are not affected by?

Answer 17

anticoagulants (Heparin, Dicoumarol)

Question 18

these are located in the cel membrane that cause platelets to avoid endothelium

Answer 18

glycolipids

Question 19

what regulates clot formation?

Answer 19

PAC

Question 20

what produces thrombin?

Answer 20

prothrombin activator complex

Question 21

what is the function of thrombin?

Answer 21

converts fibrinogen to fibrin mesh held H-bonds than modified by fibrin stabilizers via factor XIII

Question 22

what affects clot formation?

Answer 22

vitamin K shortage
liver disease
hemophilia

Question 23

what factors affect the different types of hemophilia?

Answer 23

type a - factor VIII

type b - factor IX

type c - factor IX

Question 24

▪ “low platelets”
▪ Prolongs bleeding time
▪ Treatment consists of whole blood or platelet transfusions

Answer 24

Thrombocytopenia

Question 25

Anti-thrombics

Answer 25

(aspirin)

▪ Prevent platelet aggregation by inhibiting thromboxane A2 synthesis (by inhibiting COX)

Question 26

Anti-coagulants

Answer 26

▪ Heparin stimulates antithrombin III

▪ Warfarin (coumadin) inhibits vitamin K as an inactive analog and decreases clotting factors

Question 27

Thrombolytics

Answer 27

▪ Dissolve clots
▪ Streptokinase, Urokinase and others break up clots which have formed
▪ Used to treat strike and others where clots have lodged in vessels

Question 28

what breaks down clots?

Answer 28

plasmin for fibrinolysin

Question 29

what activates plasmin?

Answer 29

TPA for digesting clot and triggers

Question 30

what is prothrombin? what does it need and the factors that need this?

Answer 30

An α2 globulin made by the liver to form hard clots

vitamin K

factors 7,9,10