Murmurs

Question 1

Four systolic murmurs

Answer 1

Mitral Regurgitation, physiologic murmur, aortic stenosis, mitral valve prolapse

Question 2

Two diastolic murmurs

Answer 2

Aortic regurgitation, mitral stenosis

Question 3

Second most common cause of aortic stenosis

Answer 3

Rheumatic fever

Question 4

First common cause of aortic stenosis

Answer 4

Congenital defects

Question 5

Aortic stenosis can cause which audible heart sound?

Answer 5

S4

Question 6

Three classic symptoms of aortic stenosis

Answer 6

Angina, syncope, CHF (think initials ASC)

Question 7

Two causative examples of aortic regurgitation

Answer 7

Rheumatic heart disease, syphilis

Question 8

Two classic patient complaints aortic regurgitation

Answer 8

Palpitations and awareness of heartbeat

Question 9

What happens to the PMI in aortic regurgitation?

Answer 9

It becomes displaced downward and to the left

Question 10

What does an EKG show in aortic regurgitation?

Answer 10

LVH

Question 11

Two associated findings/symptoms of mitral stenosis

Answer 11

Dyspnea and atrial fib

Question 12

What system is greatly affected by mitral stenosis?

Answer 12

The pulmonary system, therefore patients experience many pulmonary issues and complaints.

Question 13

Hypertrophy of the right ventricle is caused by what valve malfunction?

Answer 13

Mitral stenosis

Question 14

What heart sounds are heard during listening of mitral stenosis?

Answer 14

A very loud S1

Question 15

A murmur that causes radiation to the axilla

Answer 15

Caused by mitral stenosis

Question 16

Endocarditis is often a cause of what valve problem?

Answer 16

Mitral regurgitation

Question 17

Where is the PMI located in patients with mitral regurgitation?

Answer 17

Displaced laterally

Question 18

A holosystolic (pansystolic) murmur with high pitched blowing sound is often heard in what valve problem?

Answer 18

Mitral regurgitation

Question 19

Common EKG finding in mitral regurgitation

Answer 19

A-fib

Question 20

A hallmark “click” is heard in what valve problem?

Answer 20

Mitral valve prolapse

Question 21

Grade murmur a thrill can be palpated

Answer 21

Grade 4

Question 22

Bell of stethoscope is best used to hear what heart sounds?

Answer 22

Low pitched sounds, S3, S4

Question 23

Diaphragm of stethoscope is best used to hear what sounds?

Answer 23

High pitched sounds, S1, S2

Question 24

Only murmurs that radiate

Answer 24

Are systolic

Question 25

AV valves

Answer 25

Mitral and tricuspid

Question 26

Semilunar valves

Answer 26

Aortic and pulmonic

Question 27

S1

Answer 27

Associated with closure of AV valves

Question 28

S2

Answer 28

Associated with closure of semilunar valves

Question 29

S3

Answer 29

Associated with extra fluid and pregnancy

Question 30

S4

Answer 30

Uncontrolled hypertension, LVH

Question 31

Split S2

Answer 31

Only normal on during inspiration not both inspiration and expiration

Question 32

When is mitral valve prolapse seen in children?

Answer 32

Diagnosis of Marfans

Question 33

Normal ABI

Answer 33

< 0.9

Question 34

Grade III/IV sound intensity

Answer 34

Medium