Miscellaneous

Question 1

Cullen’s Sign

Answer 1

Bluish discoloration found near umbilicus/acute pancreatitis

Question 2

Rosving’s Sign

Answer 2

Indicative of appendicitis, pain is referred to RLQ when LLQ is palpated.

Question 3

Obturator Sign

Answer 3

Indicative of appendicitis, pain is experienced with flexion of the hip while patient is supine.

Question 4

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Answer 4

Tumors that can cause increase in gastrin/if untreated may cause ulceration of stomach or duodenum.

Question 5

Murphy’s Sign

Answer 5

Indicative of gallbladder issue/firm and deep palpation of RUQ while patient is holding breath.

Question 6

Iliopsoas Muscle Test

Answer 6

May be indicative of appendicitis. Is elicited when patient flex’s thigh at the hip.

Question 7

Elevated alkaline phosphate may be a normal finding in what age group?

Answer 7

Children and adolescents due to skeletal growth.

Question 8

First line treatment for mild to moderate C-Diff?

Answer 8

Vancomycin.

Question 9

Normal range of liver mass

Answer 9

6-15 cm midclavicular line.

Question 10

Wheat, barley, and rye should be avoided in patients with what disease?

Answer 10

Celiac.

Question 11

Enterobiasis infection is another name for?

Answer 11

Pinworm infection.

Question 12

Scotch tape test

Answer 12

Used to diagnose enterobiasis/pinworm infection.

Question 13

What time of day is the scotch tape test best done?

Answer 13

In the morning.

Question 14

Classic triad of Meniere’s disease

Answer 14

Episodic vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss.

Question 15

What A1C percentage range indicates pre-diabetes?

Answer 15

5.7-6.4%

Question 16

Is regular insulin short, intermediate, or long acting?

Answer 16

Short acting

Question 17

Is NPH insulin short, intermediate, or long acting?

Answer 17

Intermediate

Question 18

What two electrolytes problems are seen in Addison’s disease?

Answer 18

Increased potassium and decreased sodium.

Question 19

A craving of “salty foods” may be a symptom of what disease?

Answer 19

Addison’s disease.

Question 20

The adrenal cortex is affected by what disease?

Answer 20

Addison’s disease.

Question 21

Somogyi phenomenon

Answer 21

Nocturnal hypoglycemia caused by too much insulin or missing a snack in the evening.

Question 22

“Rebound effect”

Answer 22

When the liver is stimulated to make glucose from nocturnal hypoglycemia, happens as a result of the somogyi phenomenon.

Question 23

Myxedema

Answer 23

Refers to thickened skin changes seen in severe hypothyroidism.

Question 24

Anti-thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies are confirmatory for what disease?

Answer 24

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, which is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the United States, and is autoimmune.

Question 25

Blue dot sign/torsion of testicular appendage

Answer 25

Tender nodule underneath skin of testicle, looks like a bluish mass. Most common cause of testicular pain in younger males.

Question 26

Most common cause of non-gonococcal urethritis/inflammation of urethra

Answer 26

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 27

Orchitis is caused by what viral infection?

Answer 27

Mumps

Question 28

Orchitis

Answer 28

Inflammation of the testicles

Question 29

Balanitis

Answer 29

Yeast infection of the glans of the penis.

Question 30

Sensitive test that measures and monitors kidney function and evaluates CKD

Answer 30

GFR

Question 31

Kegel exercises should be done at what frequency to help stress incontinence?

Answer 31

10 exercises TID

Question 32

What two antibiotics are best to treat non-gonococcal urethritis?

Answer 32

1 gram of azithromycin, or 100 mg doxycycline BID x 7 days.

Question 33

In conductive hearing loss, which is greater? Bone conduction or air conduction?

Answer 33

Bone conduction.

Question 34

What part of the eye is responsible for color vision?

Answer 34

Cones

Question 35

What part of the eye is good for night vision and low light?

Answer 35

Rods

Question 36

What is the most common pathogen in otitis externa?

Answer 36

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 37

Pterygium

Answer 37

Triangular growth on sclera that extends onto the cornea.

Question 38

Corneal arcus

Answer 38

White/grayish halo around cornea.

Question 39

Pinguecula

Answer 39

Benign growth on conjunctiva/thick yellow.

Question 40

Abnormal skin growth/cauliflower like in middle ear

Answer 40

Cholesteatoma

Question 41

Test to diagnose glaucoma

Answer 41

Tonometry

Question 42

Fordyce spots

Answer 42

Enlarged sebaceous glands on lips or genitalia.

Question 43

Torus palatinus

Answer 43

Bony growth on hard/soft palate.

Question 44

Fishtail uvula

Answer 44

Forked uvula

Question 45

Ishihara chart

Answer 45

Evaluates color blindness

Question 46

Sandpaper rash

Answer 46

Associated with scarlet fever

Question 47

Strawberry tongue

Answer 47

Associated with scarlet fever/Kawasaki's

Question 48

Fovea of the macula

Answer 48

Responsible for 20/20 vision

Question 49

First teeth to erupt

Answer 49

Incisors

Question 50

The posterior fontanelle should be closed by what age?

Answer 50

3 months

Question 51

What are the first permanent teeth that start to erupt?

Answer 51

The first molars

Question 52

At what age do the first permanent teeth erupt?

Answer 52

6 years

Question 53

Chvostek's sign

Answer 53

Facial contraction when facial nerve is tapped briskly in front of the ear.

Question 54

What imbalance is Chvostek's sign associated with?

Answer 54

Hypocalcemia

Question 55

Weber test

Answer 55

Detects unilateral hearing loss

Question 56

Arcus senilis is caused by what?

Answer 56

Lipid deposits around the edge of the cornea

Question 57

Is the effect on platelets from aspirin reversible or irreversible?

Answer 57

Irreversible

Question 58

Gold standard to diagnose thalassemia

Answer 58

Hemoglobin electrophoresis

Question 59

Pernicious anemia is associated with what?

Answer 59

B12 deficiency, lack of intrinsic factor

Question 60

Kolionychia

Answer 60

"Spoon-shaped" nails, associated with iron deficiency anemia

Question 61

What is the normal size range of the spleen?

Answer 61

11-20 cm

Question 62

Alpha fetoprotein is produced mainly by what?

Answer 62

A growing fetal liver

Question 63

Lead poisoning can cause what kind of anemia?

Answer 63

Microcytic anemia

Question 64

Cancer of the plasma cells

Answer 64

Multiple myeloma

Question 65

What is another name for sentinel nodes?

Answer 65

Virchow's nodes

Question 66

Where are sentinel/Virchow's nodes located?

Answer 66

Supraclavicular area of chest, troublesome for cancer and other pathology.

Question 67

Alpha thalassemia is more common in what ethnicity?

Answer 67

Asians

Question 68

Beta thalassemia is more common in what ethnicity?

Answer 68

Mediterranean

Question 69

Malar rash is also known as what?

Answer 69

Butterfly rash

Question 70

What is the malar rash/butterfly rash associated with?

Answer 70

Lupus

Question 71

What is the best test for lupus?

Answer 71

ANA test

Question 72

At what age is it acceptable to begin whole milk?

Answer 72

At age 12 months or older

Question 73

Klinefelter's syndrome

Answer 73

Gynecomastia, long limbs, lack of secondary sex characteristics, small testes. Caused by an extra X chromosome.

Question 74

Faun tail nevus is associated with what?

Answer 74

Spina bifida

Question 75

Folic acid is used to prevent?

Answer 75

Neural tube defects

Question 76

Markle test

Answer 76

Indicative of peritonitis associated with appendicitis, elicited when patient hops on one foot

Question 77

Internal tibial torsion

Answer 77

Inward twisting of tibia, benign finding in children, causes in-toeing

Question 78

Supernumerary nipples

Answer 78

Extra nipple/nipples

Question 79

Cheilosis

Answer 79

Inflammation of lip mucosa due to excessive moisture

Question 80

DPT and DT vaccines should not be given beyond what age?

Answer 80

Age 7

Question 81

What kind of anemia is anemia of chronic disease?

Answer 81

Normocytic, normochromic

Question 82

What kind of blood cells may be seen in thalassemia?

Answer 82

Nucleated RBC's, "target" cells, variation in size and shape

Question 83

Polys and lymph counts that are close together

Answer 83

Think viral

Question 84

Polys and lymph counts that are far apart

Answer 84

Think bacterial

Question 85

How long after infection do monocytes show up?

Answer 85

> 24 hours

Question 86

Grey Turner's sign

Answer 86

Associated with pancreatitis, bluish discoloration on flank

Question 87

Thayer Martin culture

Answer 87

Used to diagnose gonorrheal pharyngitis

Question 88

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction

Answer 88

Associated with destruction of spirochetes after antibiotic reaction, immune mediated reaction

Question 89

Most common cause of atypical pneumonia "walking pneumonia" milder than other forms of pneumonia

Answer 89

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 90

Diagnostic test to rule out diverticulitis

Answer 90

CT scan

Question 91

ALT/AST liver elevation think

Answer 91

Think liver injury, acute liver failure,

Question 92

ALP liver elevation think

Answer 92

Bone disease, liver diease

Question 93

First line medication treatment for pyelonephritis

Answer 93

Levaquin or cipro

Question 94

Amblyopia

Answer 94

Lazy eye

Question 95

Presbyopia

Answer 95

Farsightedness

Question 96

Myopia

Answer 96

Nearsightedness

Question 97

Blumberg sign

Answer 97

Rebound tenderness in appendicitis

Question 98

Trousseau's sign

Answer 98

Associated with hypocalcemia, BP cuff is inflated and patient's arm contracts with no control

Question 99

Most common leukemia in younger adults

Answer 99

AML

Question 100

Most common leukemia in older adults

Answer 100

CLL

Question 101

Most common leukemia in children

Answer 101

ALL

Question 102

Impacted stool and atrophic vaginitis can exacerbate what?

Answer 102

Urinary incontinence

Question 103

Patients with polycythemia vera that receive regular phlebotomies should avoid what supplementation?

Answer 103

Iron