MT4 - SALMONELLA general+Ho+Car ++ Flashcards
There are good immune reactions against salmonellae in the case of generalised salmonell diseases
T
Salmonella enterica has 6 subspecies
T
The salmonella serotypes that cause salmonellosis in animals mainly belongs to Salmonella enterica. Subs. Enterica
T
Feeding dogs with slaughterhouse waste can predispose them to Salmonellosis
T
Salmonella typhi is a zoonotic agent:
F
Salmonella abortion of ewes can be diagnosed by detecting the agent from the faeces of ewes:
T-A but file unsure
Yellowy watery diarrhoea is a typical sign of salmonellosis of calves
T-A
Salmonella enterica subsp. Arizonae strains mainly cause salmonelloisis in pigs.
F
birds, reptiles
Per os infection is a common way of infection in the case of salmonellosis.
T
per os, germinative, inhalation
Salmonellae are replicating in the gut
T
Asymptomatic carriage of salmonellae does not occur in animals.
F
reptiles, birds, mammals
Abortion can be a clinical sign of salmonellosis of animals
T
Salmonellosis is zoonosis
T
Antibodies against salmonellae can be detected in the case of generalized salmonellosis
T
In the case of generalized salmonellosis, the agent has to be isolated from the faces
F
Salmonella can be shed in feces, particularly during gastrointestinal infection, in cases of systemic or generalized salmonellosis where the bacteria have spread beyond the gastrointestinal tract, isolation from feces might not always occur. Instead, the bacteria may be isolated from blood, tissues, or other relevant sites of infection.
After antibiotic treatment, no salmonella carriers remain in the flock
F
bacterium carriers remain (faeces, ovaries)
Germinative infection can happen in the case of certain salmonella diseases
T
infection: per os, germinative, inhalation
Aerogenic infection can happen in the case of certain salmonella diseases.
T
infection: per os, germinative, inhalation
Sexual transmission is common in the case of certain salmonella diseases.
F
Salmonella diseases are always limited to the gut
F
Arthritis can be a clinical sign of chronic salmonellosis.
T
Certain salmonella serotypes can cause abortions
T
Salmonella Typhi is an obligate pathogen, it is the causative agent of fowl typhoid.
F
causative agent of typhoid fever, a human-specific disease
Salmonellae, which can cause paratyphoid in animals are widespread
T
Age is a predisposing factor of paratyphoid of animals
T
predisposing factors
- age
- overcrowding, mixing, stress
- transportation, management
- virus infections
- amount of salmonellae
Only per os infection occurs in the case of salmonellosis
F
infection: per os, germinative, inhalation
Salmonella diseases are always acute in animals
F
After recovering from a salmonella disease, animals do not shed the bacterium any more
F
Salmonella can be isolated from faeces using the selective enrichment method
T
faeces, food and other samples: selective enrichment
All Salmonella species are zoonotic
F
Salmonella are generally resistant bacteria.
T-A
- medium (good survival in environment, feed, food etc.)
- replication at wide temperature range (2-45 ̊C)
We use isolation and ELISA for detection of Salmonella
T
The cell wall, flagella and virulence factors are the antigens of Salmonella
T
Salmonellosis can sometimes be generalized
T
Exotoxins are important virulence factors of salmonella.
F
An allergic test can confirm salmonellosis
F
Salmonella is cultivated from parenchymal organs
T
parenchymal organs: focal inflammation, necrosis
Septicaemia is always seen in salmonellosis
F
sometimes bacteriaemia, septicaemia, endotoxin effect
Abortion is the main clinical form of human salmonellosis
F
Vomiting and diarrhoea are frequent clinical signs of human salmonellosis.
T
All serotypes of salmonellae can cause salmonellosis in humans.
F- some sero only animals
Food of animal origin is a frequent source of human salmonella infection
T
Salmonella typhimurium can infect humans
T
Humans are infected with salmonellae mainly per os
T
E. Coli can cause haemorrhagic enteritis of humans:
T-under ho salmonellosis section in pq file
Abortion is the main clinical form of human salmonellosis
F
Enteritis is a clinical sign of Salmonellosis
T
All salmonella serotypes are zoonotic
F
Age can be a predisposing factor in human salmonellosis.
T
Gastroenteritis is the most common form of human salmonellosis
T
Human salmonellosis is always limited to the gastrointestinal tract.
F
Poultry meat and eggs are common source of human salmonella infections
T
In the case of diarrhoea caused by salmonella in humans, penicillin treatment is recommended
F
Septicaemia is the most common presentation of human salmonellosis
F
We use tetracyclines in the treatment of human gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella spp
F
fluoroquinolones, azithromycin, or third-generation cephalosporins
Salmonellosis mostly affect the elderly and young people (children).
T
All Salmonella serotypes can infect humans.
F
Salmonella in carnivores is mostly caused by S. typhimurium
T
High number of bacteria are needed to cause an infection in case of salmonellosis in carnivores
T
Carnivores usually contract salmonella by eating contaminated raw meat
T
Salmonellosis in carnivores can be seen only in young and weak animals, or immunodeficient animals.
T
CNS signs can occur in foxes in case of salmonellosis.
T
