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EPI Final PQ > MT4 - Orthomyxo/influenza > Flashcards

MT4 - Orthomyxo/influenza Flashcards

1
Q

Influenzaviruses have segmented genome

A

T

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2
Q

HPAI and LPAI strains differ in the number of basal amino acids in the HA protein

A

T

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3
Q

HA protein of influenza viruses is responsible for the attachment to the cell

A

T

attachment to the host cell sialic acid (SA)

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4
Q

The M2 protein of influenza viruses serves as an ion channel important in the decapsidation

A

T

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5
Q

Antigenic drift means serials of point mutations in the HA and NA genes

A

T

» serial point mutations = antigenic drift → seasonal influenzas

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6
Q

The NA protein in the influenza virus is responsible for the release from the infected cells

A

T

role in release and spread by digesting the cell surface sialic acid receptors

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7
Q

Enzymatic cleavage of the HA protein is needed for the influenza virus penetration into the cell

A

T

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8
Q

Genetic reassortment of human and animal influenza viruses result in the occurrence of new human influenza strains

A

T

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9
Q

Bats have an important role in the epidemiology of influenza

A

F

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10
Q

Antigenic shift is behind the influenza pandemics

A

T

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11
Q

Influenza viruses are classified into genera by their HA and NA proteins

A

F- classified into serotypes

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12
Q

Influenza causes persistent infection in donkey

A

F

long-term persistence is not known/ not significant

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13
Q

The serotype of influenza viruses is determined by their HA and NA proteins

A

T

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14
Q

The influenza viruses cause respiratory signs in sea mammals

A

T

  • seals, whales
  • horse
  • swine
  • avian
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15
Q

The host range of influenza virus is determined by the NA protein

A

F

  • HA
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16
Q

The bird to human host switch of influenza virus is mediated by swine

A

T

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17
Q

The main host of influenza is the swine

A

F

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18
Q

in humans inactivated vaccines are used for the immunisation against influenza

A

T

  • attenuated
  • inactivated
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19
Q

Antigenic drift is behind the seasonal influenza epidemics

A

T

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20
Q

Antigenic shift means the reassortment of the influenzavirus genome segments

A

T

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21
Q

Influenzaviruses are sensitive to drying out

A

T

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22
Q

For the in vitro propagation of influenza viruses embryonated eggs is used

A

T
virus isolation – embryonated eggs, cell cultures

In horse and van influelnza !

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23
Q

The high virulence of some influenza A viruses is the result of mutations in the HA gene

A

T

» serial point mutations = antigenic drift → seasonal influenzas

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24
Q

Dogs are susceptible to horse origin influenza strains

A

T

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25
The HPAI strains can cause CNS Signs
T - CNS signs (convulsions, torticollis, paralysis) - catarrhal - bloody diarrhoea - mass morbidity and mortality - skin haemorrhage - respiratory signs
26
HPAI causes blood vessel damages and generalised infections
T - CNS signs (convulsions, torticollis, paralysis) - catarrhal - bloody diarrhoea - mass morbidity and mortality - skin haemorrhage - respiratory signs
27
The HPAI strains are usually developed from the H5 and H7 influenza viruses
T H5, H7 LPAI can mutate to HPAI!
28
The LPAI causes immunosuppression
T - immunosuppression - enteric and respiratory signs
29
Cat is susceptible to human seasonal influenza
F
30
HPAI strains are mutations of LPAI strains
T
31
HPAI strains belong into a certain haemagglutinin types
F
32
Anti-neuraminidase drugs inhibit the decapsidation of influenza viruses
F inhibit the activity of the neuraminidase (NA) protein of influenza viruses
33
Influenzas Causes enteric symptoms in human
F respiratory symptoms
34
Swine recovered from influenza should not be kept for breeding
T recovered gilts / boars should not be kept for breeding
35
Influenza causes high morbidity but low mortality in swine
T
36
The HPAI causes skin haemorrhages in swine
F - HPAI affects in AVIAN - swine: respiratory
37
Swine influenza outbreaks occur usually during summer
F more frequent in autumn and winter
38
The mortality of swine influenza is high
F
39
Swine influenza causes high morbidity rate
T
40
To prevent complications of swine influenza penicillin injections are given to sick pigs
T
41
Swine influenza is easily transmitted to people
F
42
To prevent complications of swine influenza, antibiotics used
T
43
In swine all influenza variants can be detected
F
44
In a horse influenza outbreak all infected horses must be killed
F
45
The generalized symptoms of horse influenza are result of the interferon response
T strong interferon response – general signs
46
Racehorses should be vaccinated before the influenza season
F immunisation before the racing season
47
Breeding mares should be vaccinated before the influenza season
F immunisation 4-6 weeks before parturition
48
Influenza causes persistent infection in horses
F
49
The eggs produced in LPAI infected flock can be hatched
T treatment: * movement restrictions * antibiotics against bacterial complications * after production slaughtering, cleaning, disinfection * eggs can be hatched
50
The HPAI infection can be unambiguously differentiated from Newcastle disease by the clinical signs
F
51
The HPAI strains can cause clinical signs in waterfowl
T waterfowl mostly asymptomatic carrier, rarely HPAIV causes clinical signs
52
In poultry farms LPAI may be endemic without clinical signs
T
53
Waterfowl can carry the influenza viruses for long time
T
54
Influenza viruses are shed by birds exclusively in the nasal discharge
F - shedding with excretes, faeces
55
Avian influenza is zoonotic
T
56
The virulence of avian influenza is determined by the i.v. pathogeny index and mortality
T
57
Avian influenza can switch directly to human and cause epidemics with high case numbers as result of human to human transmission
F no adaptation; severe, even deadly disease in infected, but human-to-human transmission is rare
58
In birds all influenza variants can be detected
T
59
Avian influenza of high economic impact is caused by HPAI strains
T
60
Avian influenza virus is primarily spread through bronchial discharge and aerogenic route
F - bc not primary way?
61
Avian influenza spread by bronchial discharge
T but not sure

EPI Final PQ (49 decks)

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