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EPI Final PQ > MT4 - Necrobacillosis and panaritium of ruminants (W) > Flashcards

MT4 - Necrobacillosis and panaritium of ruminants (W) Flashcards

1
Q

Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum causes necrobacillosis

A

T

  • F. necrophorum subsp. necrophorum: more virulent
  • F. necrophorum subsp. funduliforme
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2
Q

Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum can help the agent of foot rot in causing
disease

A

T

diseases:
* necrobacillosis
* calf diphtheria
* liver „abscesses”
* mastitis
* gingivitis, metritis, peritonitis (dog, cat)
* facilitates foot rot (synergistic effect)

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3
Q

Aerosol infection is a common form of transmission of the agent of necrobacillosis

A

F

  • wounds on mucous membranes (oral cavity, genitals)
  • wounds on the skin
  • navel infection
  • rumen parakeratosis
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4
Q

Necrobacillosis is mainly seen in young animals

A

T

lambs, calves, rabbit

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5
Q

Rumen parakeratosis can predispose to necrobacillosis

A

T

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6
Q

Insufficient disinfection of the navel can predispose to necrobacillosis

A

T

  • wound
  • neglected disinfection of navel
  • change teeth
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7
Q

Abortion is a frequent clinical sign of necrobacillosis

A

F

  • necrosis (oral cavity)
  • fever, oedema, pain
  • salivation, smell
  • painful chewing, swallowing
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8
Q

Laryngeal erosion serves as place of entry for the agent of calf diphtheria

A

T

  • virus
  • cough
  • laryngeal erosion
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9
Q

calf diphtheria is caused by Dichelobacter nodosus

A

F

F. necrophorum

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10
Q

Calf diphtheria is caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum

A

T

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11
Q

Respiratory diseases can predispose to calf diphtheria

A

T

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12
Q

Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. funduliforme is the agent Necrobacillosis in lambs

A

T-A

  • F. necrophorum subsp. necrophorum: more virulent
  • F. necrophorum subsp. funduliforme
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13
Q

Necrobacillosis can occur as a consequence of navel infection in lambs

A

T

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14
Q

Pulmonary necrosis is a frequent lesion of necrobacillosis of lambs

A

F

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15
Q

Liver necrosis is a frequent lesion of necrobacillosis of lambs

A

T

necrosis in the liver in the case of:
- naval infection
- rumen parakeratosis

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16
Q

Fusobacterium funduliforme is the causative agent of Necrobacillosis

A

T-A

Fusobacterium necrophorum is the causative agent of Necrobacillosis

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17
Q

Necrosis of the mucous membranes in the oral cavity is a clinical sign of Necrobacillosis

A

T

  • necrosis (oral cavity),
  • fever, oedema, pain
  • salivation, smell
  • painful chewing, swallowing
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18
Q

Focal necrosis in the kidney is a frequent post mortem lesion of Necrobacillosis

A

F

necrosis:
- oral cavity, lips
- local oedema

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19
Q

Necrobacillosis is prevented with wide vaccination

A

F

  • disinfection of the navel
  • prevention of predisposing factors
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20
Q

Wounds can predispose to Necrobacillosis

A

T

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21
Q

Navel infection can occur in the case of Necrobacillosis

A

T

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22
Q

Lesions of Necrobacillosis can be seen frequently in the oral cavity

A

T

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23
Q

Rough, sticky feed can predispose to Necrobacillosis

A

T

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24
Q

Necrosis in the liver can be a post mortem lesion of Necrobacillosis

A

T

necrosis in the liver in the case of:
- naval infection
- rumen parakeratosis

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25
Q

Necrobacillosis can only be seen in lamb

A

F

lambs, calves, rabbits

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26
Q

In the case of Necrobacillosis infection can happen through wounds

A

T

through wound or neglected disinfection of the navel, change of teeth

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27
Q

In the case of Necrobacillosis, aerogenic infection is common

A

F

wounds, navel infection, rumen parakeratosis

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28
Q

Lesions of Necrobacillosis are frequently found in or around the oral cavity

A

T

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29
Q

Fusobacteria are highly resistant, they remain viable in the environment for several weeks

A

F

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30
Q

Wounds and abrasions can predispose to Necrobacillosis.

A

T

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31
Q

Incorrect disinfection of the naval area can lead to Necrobacillosis

A

T

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32
Q

Wounds on the oral mucosa can predispose animals to Necrobacillosis.

A

T

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33
Q

The clinical signs of Necrobacillosis can frequently be seen in young animals

A

T

lambs, calves, rabbits

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34
Q

Necrobacillosis is a generalized disease with high fever and depression

A

F

  • fever, oedema, pain
  • salvation, smell
  • necrosis (oral cavity)
  • painful schewing, swallowing
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35
Q

Vaccines containing attenuated agents are widely used to prevent Necrobacillosis.

A

F

no vaccine, disinfection of navel , prevention of predisposing factors

36
Q

Necrobacillosis is caused by Dichelobacter nodosus

A

F

  • F. necrophorum subsp. necrophorum: more virulent
  • F. necrophorum subsp. funduliforme
37
Q

Footrot is the main sign of Necrobacillosis.

A

F-A

F. necrophorum causes footrot

38
Q

The lesions in Necrobacillosis are restricted to the mouth

39
Q

Necrobacillosis occurs mainly in young animals

A

T-A

lambs, calves, rabbit

40
Q

There is no treatment for Necrobacillosis

A

F

  • surgery
  • disinfection
  • antibiotics
41
Q

Umbilical disinfection has an important role in the prevention of Necrobacillosis.

42
Q

Necrobacillosis in lambs can be seen as a result of an umbilical infection

43
Q

Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum strains can cause Necrobacillosis of calves

44
Q

You can find necrosis in the mouth in case of Necrobacillosis in lamb

45
Q

You can find liver abscesses in case of Necrobacillosis

A

F
liver necrosis not abscesses

46
Q

Foot rot is more severe in cattle than in sheep

47
Q

The hoof can be detached in the case of foot rot

A

T

leg: hoof detached, foul smell, necrosis

48
Q

Virulent foot rot can be treated with antibiotics

A

T

virulent foot rot:
- local treatment: surgery + antibiotic ointment
- parenteral: penicillin, oxytetracycline, lincomycin, erythromycin

49
Q

Foot rot occurs only in sheep

A

F

sheep, goats, cattle, and occasionally other hoofed animals

50
Q

The agent of foot rot can produce proteases; they are virulence factors

A

T

virulence factors:
- proteases
- haemolysin (leukotoxin)

51
Q

the causative agent of foot rot is dichelobacter nodosus

52
Q

the main virulence factors of dichelobacter nodosus are toxins

A

F

virulence factors:
- fimbria
- proteases, keratinase

53
Q

the warm and wet environment can predispose to foot rot

54
Q

Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. Necrophorum can help the agent of foot rot in causing
disease

A

T

synergetic bacteria:
- F. necrophorum
- P. melaninogenica
- Spirochaetes, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus

55
Q

Keratinsase production is a virulence factor of the agent of Foot Rot

A

T

virulence factors:
* fimbria
* proteases, keratinase

56
Q

Foot Rot cannot be prevented by vaccination

A

F

Vaccine: 3 months long protection

57
Q

Production of keratinase is a virulence factor of Dichelobacter nodosus

58
Q

Morbidity of foot rot is very low, 1-5%.

A

F

morbidity ~100%

59
Q

Foot bath in zinc sulphate can be used for the treatment of foot rot

A

T

benign foot rot: foot bath
- formalin
- sterogenol
- zink sulphate
- copper sulphate

60
Q

Dichelobacter nodosus causes foot rot in sheep

A

T

ruminants

61
Q

Dichelobacter nodosus is helped by other bacteria in the pathogenesis of foot rot

62
Q

Foot rot cannot be prevented with vaccination

63
Q

Dichelobacter nodosus can produce keratinase

A

T

virulence factors:
- fimbria
- proteases, keratinase

64
Q

Foot rot has more severe clinical signs in goats than sheep

65
Q

Exotoxins of the causative agent are responsible for the lesions of foot rot

66
Q

Extracellular enzymes of the causative agent are responsible for the lesions of foot rot

A

T

Extracellular enzymes produced by the causative agents, such as Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodosus, play a crucial role in causing the lesions associated with foot rot.

67
Q

Footbath with formalin can be used for prevention or for treatment of milder cases of foot rot

A

T

benign foot rot: foot bath
- formalin
- sterogenol
- zink sulphate
- copper sulphate

68
Q

Toxins are the main virulence factors of Dichelobacter nodosus

A

F

virulence factors:
- fimbria
- proteases, keratinase

69
Q

Warm and wet climate predispose animals to foot rot

70
Q

The hoof wall can be detached in the case of foot rot

A

T

  • interdigital dermatitis
  • pain = lameness
  • lags behind the flock
  • leg: hoof detached, foul smell, necrosis
71
Q

Animals with softened hoof wall are more susceptible for panaritium (foot rot).

72
Q

Contaminated, dirty bedding is a predisposing factor for foot rot.

A

T

predisposing factors:
- warm, rainy weather
- wet pastures, mud, stony soil
- old bedding
- missed foot trimming

73
Q

In the development of foot rot, fimbriae of the pathogen have an important role

A

T

virulence factors:
* fimbria
* proteases, keratinase

74
Q

Treatment of foot rot is using foot bath containing formalin and sterogenol

A

T

benign foot rot: foot bath
- formalin
- sterogenol
- zink sulphate
- copper sulphate

75
Q

For treatment of panaritium, formalin foot baths are recommended.

A

T

benign foot rot: foot bath
- formalin
- sterogenol
- zink sulphate
- copper sulphate

76
Q

Foot rot is a very rare disease in Europe

A

F

widespread

77
Q

Fimbria and extracellular enzymes are the virulence factors of the agent of foot rot

78
Q

Dichelobacter causes Necrobacillosis

A

F

  • F. necrophorum subsp. necrophorum: more virulent
  • F. necrophorum subsp. funduliforme
79
Q

The causative agent of foot root can produce exotoxins

80
Q

The causative agent of foot root can produce enzymes

81
Q

Foot rot can be prevented by foot bath

82
Q

Animals with soft horn are more predisposed to panaritium

83
Q

Strongly contaminated bedding is a predisposing factor to panaritium.

84
Q

The fimbriae of the pathogens play an important role in the development of panaritium

85
Q

To treat severe foot rot we use parenteral antibiotics

A

T

  • individual surgery, hoof paring
  • dry environment, clean bedding

benign foot rot:
- foot bath

virulent foot rot:
- local treatment: surgery + antibiotic ointment
- parenteral: penicillin, oxytetracycline, lincomycin, erythromycin

EPI Final PQ (49 decks)

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