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Medical Terminology > MT Ch. 6-Blood > Flashcards

MT Ch. 6-Blood Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

plasma

A

watery substance that holds blood cells; transports substances

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2
Q

what are erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets called as a whole?

A

formed elements

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3
Q

erythrocytes

A

red blood cells; transport substances

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4
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cells; protect body from foreign bacteria

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5
Q

thrombocytes

A

platelets(fragments); aid in clotting

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6
Q

hematopoiesis

A

process by which blood cells are produced in red bone marrow

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7
Q

hemostasis

A

blood-clotting process; platelets agglutinate when a vessel is damaged, release thromboplastin which reacts with prothrombin to form thrombin, which in turn converts fibrinogen to fibrin that creates a clot

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8
Q

agglutinate

A

clump together

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9
Q

thromboplastin

A

substance released by platelets to help form a blood clot

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10
Q

prothrombin

A

clotting protein in the blood that reacts with thromboplastin to form thrombin

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11
Q

thrombin

A

converts fibrinogen to fibrin to create a blood clot

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12
Q

fibrin

A

becomes the meshlike blood clot

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13
Q

blood typing

A

test to determine an individual’s blood type to see if the donated blood

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14
Q

ABO system

A

has two blood cell markers-A and B, with 4 possible blood types

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15
Q

type A blood

A

has only the A marker; produces anti-B antibodies that attack type B blood

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16
Q

type B blood

A

has only the B marker; produces anti-A antibodies that attack type A blood

17
Q

type O blood

A

has no markers; produces antibodies that attack all other blood types. universal donor

18
Q

Rh factor

A

determines whether or not you are Rh+ or Rh-

19
Q

Rh+

A

Rh factor is present; will not produce anti-Rh antibodies. can receive both Rh+ and Rh- blood

20
Q

Rh-

A

Rh factor is not present; will produce anti-Rh antibodies. can only receive Rh- blood

21
Q

hematic

A

pertaining to blood

22
Q

lymphocyte

A

leukocyte formed in lymphatic tissue

23
Q

hematology

A

branch of medicine specializing in treatment of diseases and conditions of the blood

24
Q

coagulate

A

convert from a liquid to a gel or solid, as in blood coagulation

25
Q

hematoma

A

collection of blood under the skin when the vessels are damaged. aka bruise

26
Q

hemophilia

A

hereditary blood disease where blood takes longer to clot

27
Q

septicemia

A

having bacteria or toxins in the bloodstream. aka blood poisoning

28
Q

anemia

A

characterized by reduction of RBC or amount of hemoglobin, resulting in less oxygen reaching the tissues

29
Q

blood culture and sensitivity

A

C&S; sample of blood incubated in the lab to check for bacterial growth. if present, they are tested to determine which medicines they are sensitive to.

30
Q

complete blood count

A

CBC; combination of blood tests including RBC, WBC, Hgb, Hct, WBC differential, and platelet count

31
Q

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

A

ESR; blood test to determine rate that mature RBC’s settle out of blood after an anticoagulant is added. indicates inflammatory disease

32
Q

hematocrit

A

blood test to measure volume of RBC’s in the total volume of blood

33
Q

hemoglobin

A

blood test to measure amount of hemoglobin in the blood

34
Q

prothrombin time

A

PT; measure of blood’s coagulation abilities by measuring how long it takes for a clot to form after prothrombin activation

35
Q

phlebotomy

A

incision into a vein to remove blood for diagnostic test. aka venipuncture

36
Q

plasmapheresis

A

removal of plasma from the body without depleting formed elements. whole blood is removed, cells and plasma are separated, and cells are returned to patient with a donor plasma transfusion

37
Q

anticoagulant

A

substance that prevents blood clot formations. aka blood thinners heparin, HepLock, warfarin, Coumadin

38
Q
A
39
Q
A

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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