MT Ch. 3-integumentary Flashcards

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0
Q

Hair & Function

A

Provides some protection and associate with sensory receptors

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1
Q

Skin & Function

A

Protective barrier that regulates temp., houses sensory receptors, and secretes sweat and sebum

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2
Q

Nail Function

A

Covers and protects tips of digits

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3
Q

Two Alternate Names for Skin

A

Integument and cutaneous membrane

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4
Q

Skin’s Accessory Organs

A

Sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair, and nails

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5
Q

Primary function of skin

A

Protection and a two-way barrier that keeps pathogens and harmful chemicals out

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6
Q

Sensory Receptors

A

Detect temperature, pain, touch, and pressure and are located in the skin

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7
Q

Sweat glands & alternate name

A

Sudoriferous glands Help maintain body temperature by trying to cool down

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8
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

Produce sebum that lubricates skin surface

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9
Q

Epidermis

A

Thin, outer skin layer

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10
Q

Dermis & alternate name

A

A.k.a. Corium (true skin) Middle, fibrous connective tissue layer -living tissue with blood supply

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11
Q

Subcutaneous layer & abbreviation

A

Subcu or Subq Innermost fatty tissue layer A.k.a hypodermis

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12
Q

What tissue is the epidermis?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium -flat, scale like cells arranged in overlapping layers

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13
Q

Basal layer

A

Deepest layer of the epidermis -scales continually grow and multiply, pushing old cells toward surface of skin

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14
Q

Keratin

A

Hard protein that fills the dead cells as they are pushed to the surface and allow the skin to act as a waterproof barrier

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15
Q

Melanocytes

A

Special cells in the basal layer that produce melanin

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16
Q

Melanin

A

Black pigment responsible for skin color and protection from UV rays

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17
Q

Collagen fibers

A

Strong, fibrous protein in connective tissue that forms a flexible glue that gives connective tissue its strength

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18
Q

Lipocytes

A

Fat cells that make up the subcutaneous layer -protect deep tissues and act as insulation

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19
Q

Apocrine glands

A

Sweat glands in pubic and underarm areas that secrete thicker sweat that produces odor when it comes into contact with skin bacteria

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20
Q

Cutaneous

A

Pertaining to the skin

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21
Q

Dermal

A

Pertaining to the skin

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22
Q

Epidermal

A

Pertaining to upon the skin

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23
Q

Hypodermic

A

Pertaining to under the skin

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24
Q

Intradermal

A

Pertaining to within the skin

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25
Q

Subcutaneous

A

Pertaining to under the skin

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26
Q

Ungual

A

Pertaining to the nails

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27
Q

Abrasion

A

Scraping away of skin surface by friction

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28
Q

Anhidrosis

A

Abnormal condition of no sweat

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29
Q

Comedo

A

Collection of hardened sebum in follicle, aka a blackhead

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30
Q

Contusion

A

Injury caused by a blow to the body where the skin is not broken

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31
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish tint to the skin caused by deoxygenated blood

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32
Q

Cyst

A

Fluid-filled sac under the skin

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33
Q

Depigmentation

A

Loss of normal skin color or pigment

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34
Q

Diaphoresis

A

Profuse sweating

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35
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Abnormal condition of skin discoloration caused by blood collecting under the skin after a blow aka a bruise

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36
Q

Erythema

A

Redness or flushing of the skin

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37
Q

Erythroderma

A

Condition of having red or flushed skin

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38
Q

Eschar

A

Thick layer of dead tissue and fluid that develops over a burn

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39
Q

Fissure

A

Crack-like lesion or groove on the skin

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40
Q

Hirsutism

A

Excessive hair growth

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41
Q

Hyperemia

A

Redness of skin due to increased blood flow

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42
Q

Hyperhydrosis

A

Abnormal condition of excessive sweat

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43
Q

Hyperpigmentation

A

Excessive skin pigments

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44
Q

Ichthyoderma

A

Condition of scaly dry skin

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45
Q

Lesion

A

General term for wound, injury, or abnormality

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46
Q

Leukoderma

A

Skin that appears white because pigment is absent

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47
Q

Lipoma

A

Fatty mass

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48
Q

Macule

A

Flat discolored area on skin Ex) freckle or birthmark

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49
Q

Necrosis

A

Abnormal condition of death

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50
Q

Nevus

A

Pigmented skin blemish such as a birthmark or mole that is usually benign but could be cancerous

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51
Q

Nodule

A

Firm solid mass of cells in the skin larger than 0.5 cm

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52
Q

Onychomalacia

A

Abnormal softening of the nail

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53
Q

Pallor

A

Abnormal paleness of the skin

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54
Q

Papule

A

Small circular raised spot on surface of skin less than 0.5 cm

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55
Q

Petechiae

A

Pinpoint purple or red spots from skin hemorrhages

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56
Q

Photosensitivity

A

Skin reacts abnormally when exposed to light

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57
Q

Pruritis

A

Severe itching

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58
Q

Purpura

A

Hemorrhages in the skin due to fragile blood vessels, common in older adults

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59
Q

Purulent

A

Containing pus or an infection that is producing pus

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60
Q

Pustule

A

Raised spot on the skin that contains pus

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61
Q

Pyoderma

A

Presence of pus on or in the skin

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62
Q

Scleroderma

A

Skin becomes hardened

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63
Q

Seborrhea

A

Oily discharge

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64
Q

Suppurative

A

Containing or producing pus

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65
Q

Ulcer

A

Open sore or lesion in skin or mucous membrane

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66
Q

Urticaria

A

Skin eruption of reddish wheals with severe itching, aka hives

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67
Q

Vesicle

A

Small fluid filled raised spot on the skin aka blister

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68
Q

Wheal

A

Small round swollen area on the skin typically seen with allergic reactions

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69
Q

Xeroderma

A

Condition in which the skin is abnormally dry

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70
Q

Abscess

A

Collection of pus in the skin

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71
Q

Acne

A

Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

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72
Q

Acne rosacea

A

Chronic form of acne seen in adults involving redness, tiny pimples, and broken blood vessels primarily on cheeks and nose

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73
Q

Albinism

A

Body is unable to make melanin, characterized by white hair and skin and red pupils

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74
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

A

Cancerous tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis, typically arises on sun exposed skin and does not spread -BCC

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75
Q

First degree burn

A

Superficial layer and skin is reddened

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76
Q

Second degree burn

A

Partial thickness with red skin and blisters

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77
Q

Third degree burn

A

Full thickness and charring

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78
Q

Cellulitis

A

Inflammation of connective tissue found in skin

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79
Q

Rule of Nines

A

Determines percentage of body burned by dividing the body into sections

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80
Q

Decubitus ulcer

A

Open sore caused by pressure that cuts off Aka bedsore or pressure sore

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81
Q

Dermatitis

A

Inflammation of the skin

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82
Q

Dermatosis

A

General term indicating presence of abnormal skin condition

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83
Q

Dry gangrene

A

Late stages of gangrene characterized by affected area becoming dried, blackened, and shriveled

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84
Q

Eczema

A

Superficial dermatitis accompanied by redness, vesicles, itching, and crusting

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85
Q

Gangrene

A

Tissue necrosis usually due to deficient to blood supply

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86
Q

Ichthyosis

A

Abnormal condition in which the skin is dry and scaly

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87
Q

Impetigo

A

Highly infectious bacterial infection of the skin with pustules that rupture and crust over

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88
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma

A

Skin cancer frequently in aids patients, brownish-purple papules that spread to internal organs

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89
Q

Keloid

A

Raised and thickened scar after injury or surgery

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90
Q

Keratosis

A

Any skin condition involving overgrowth and thickening of epidermis

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91
Q

Laceration

A

Torn or jagged wound

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92
Q

Malignant melanoma

A

Skin cancer caused by uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, can quickly spread

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93
Q

Pediculosis

A

Lice infestation

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94
Q

Psoriasis

A

Papules forming “silvery scale” patches with circular borders

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95
Q

Rubella

A

Contagious viral skin infection Aka German measles

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96
Q

Scabies

A

Egg laying mite burrows through the skin and causes redness and intense itching

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97
Q

Sebaceous cyst

A

Cyst filled with sebum or oil from a sebaceous gland and may need to be excised

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98
Q

Cicatrix

A

Scar

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99
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Cancer of the epidermis layer of skin that may spread to deeper tissue, often starts as a sore that won’t heal

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100
Q

Strawberry hemangioma

A

Collection of dilated blood vessels causing a red birthmark that fades a fee months after birth

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101
Q

Systemic lupus erythematosis

A

Chronic disease of connective tissue characterized by red, scaly butterfly rash across cheeks and nose. Autoimmune condition

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102
Q

Tinea

A

Fungal skin disease resulting in itching, scaling lesions

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103
Q

Tinea capitis

A

Fungal infection of scalp aka ringworm

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104
Q

Tinea pedis

A

Fungal infection of foot aka athletes foot

105
Q

Varicella

A

Contagious viral skin infection aka chickenpox

106
Q

Verruca

A

Benign growth caused by a virus that is removed by chemicals aka warts

107
Q

Vitiligo

A

Absence of skin pigment, also called leukoderma

108
Q

Wet gangrene

A

area of gangrene that becomes secondarily infected by pus-producing bacteria

109
Q

Alopecia

A

Loss of hair aka baldness

110
Q

Carbuncle

A

Furuncle involving several hair follicles

111
Q

Furuncle

A

Bacterial infection of a hair follicle, redness pain and swelling. Aka boil

112
Q

Trichomyosis

A

Abnormal condition of hair fungus

113
Q

Onychia

A

Infected nail bed

114
Q

Onychomycosis

A

Abnormal condition of nail fungus

115
Q

Onychophagia

A

Nail biting

116
Q

Paronychia

A

Infection of skin fold around a nail

117
Q

Culture and sensitivity test

A

Removal of bacteria from an infection, growing it to identify the bacteria and determine its sensitivity to antibiotics

118
Q

Biopsy

A

Piece of tissue removed by syringe to examine under a microscope to aid diagnosis

119
Q

Exfoliative cytology

A

Scraping cells from tissue and examining under a microscope

120
Q

Frozen section

A

Piece of tissue from a frozen specimen for examination under a microscope

121
Q

Fungal scrapings

A

Scrapings from lesions that are placed on a growth medium and examined to identify fungal growth

122
Q

Allograft

A

Skin graft from one person to another

123
Q

Autograft

A

Skin graft from a person’ sown body

124
Q

Dermatome

A

Instrument for cutting the skin

125
Q

Dermatoplasty

A

Transplanting skin

126
Q

Xenograft

A

Graft from an animal of another species (usually pig)

127
Q

Cauterization

A

Destruction of tissue by using caustic chemicals, electric currents,heat, or freezing

128
Q

Cryosurgery

A

Use of extreme cold to freeze and destroy tissue

129
Q

Curettage

A

Removal of superficial skin lesions with a curette (instrument shaped like a spoon)

130
Q

Debridement

A

Removal of foreign material and dead tissue from wound

131
Q

Electrocautery

A

Destroy tissue with an electric current

132
Q

Onychectomy

A

Removal of a nail

133
Q

Chemabrasion

A

Abrasion using chemicals aka chemical peel

134
Q

Dermabrasion

A

Abrasion using wire brushes or sandpaper

135
Q

Rhytidectomy

A

Surgical removal of excess skin to eliminate wrinkles aka facelift

136
Q

Antipruritic

A

Reduces severe itching

137
Q

Deepest layer of the epidermis -scales continually grow and multiply, pushing old cells toward surface of skin

A

Basal layer

138
Q

Hard protein that fills the dead cells as they are pushed to the surface and allow the skin to act as a waterproof barrier

A

Keratin

139
Q

Special cells in the basal layer that produce melanin

A

Melanocytes

140
Q

Black pigment responsible for skin color and protection from UV rays

A

Melanin

141
Q

Strong, fibrous protein in connective tissue that forms a flexible glue that gives connective tissue its strength

A

Collagen fibers

142
Q

Fat cells that make up the subcutaneous layer -protect deep tissues and act as insulation

A

Lipocytes

143
Q

Sweat glands in pubic and underarm areas that secrete thicker sweat that produces odor when it comes into contact with skin bacteria

A

Apocrine glands

144
Q

Pertaining to the skin

A

Cutaneous

145
Q

Pertaining to the skin

A

Dermal

146
Q

Pertaining to upon the skin

A

Epidermal

147
Q

Pertaining to under the skin

A

Hypodermic

148
Q

Pertaining to within the skin

A

Intradermal

149
Q

Pertaining to under the skin

A

Subcutaneous

150
Q

Pertaining to the nails

A

Ungual

151
Q

Scraping away of skin surface by friction

A

Abrasion

152
Q

Abnormal condition of no sweat

A

Anhidrosis

153
Q

Collection of hardened sebum in follicle, aka a blackhead

A

Comedo

154
Q

Injury caused by a blow to the body where the skin is not broken

A

Contusion

155
Q

Bluish tint to the skin caused by deoxygenated blood

A

Cyanosis

156
Q

Fluid-filled sac under the skin

A

Cyst

157
Q

Loss of normal skin color or pigment

A

Depigmentation

158
Q

Profuse sweating

A

Diaphoresis

159
Q

Abnormal condition of skin discoloration caused by blood collecting under the skin after a blow aka a bruise

A

Ecchymosis

160
Q

Redness or flushing of the skin

A

Erythema

161
Q

Condition of having red or flushed skin

A

Erythroderma

162
Q

Thick layer of dead tissue and fluid that develops over a burn

A

Eschar

163
Q

Crack-like lesion or groove on the skin

A

Fissure

164
Q

Excessive hair growth

A

Hirsutism

165
Q

Redness of skin due to increased blood flow

A

Hyperemia

166
Q

Abnormal condition of excessive sweat

A

Hyperhydrosis

167
Q

Excessive skin pigments

A

Hyperpigmentation

168
Q

Condition of scaly dry skin

A

Ichthyoderma

169
Q

General term for wound, injury, or abnormality

A

Lesion

170
Q

Skin that appears white because pigment is absent

A

Leukoderma

171
Q

Fatty mass

A

Lipoma

172
Q

Flat discolored area on skin Ex) freckle or birthmark

A

Macule

173
Q

Abnormal condition of death

A

Necrosis

174
Q

Pigmented skin blemish such as a birthmark or mole that is usually benign but could be cancerous

A

Nevus

175
Q

Firm solid mass of cells in the skin larger than 0.5 cm

A

Nodule

176
Q

Abnormal softening of the nail

A

Onychomalacia

177
Q

Abnormal paleness of the skin

A

Pallor

178
Q

Small circular raised spot on surface of skin less than 0.5 cm

A

Papule

179
Q

Pinpoint purple or red spots from skin hemorrhages

A

Petechiae

180
Q

Skin reacts abnormally when exposed to light

A

Photosensitivity

181
Q

Severe itching

A

Pruritis

182
Q

Hemorrhages in the skin due to fragile blood vessels, common in older adults

A

Purpura

183
Q

Containing pus or an infection that is producing pus

A

Purulent

184
Q

Raised spot on the skin that contains pus

A

Pustule

185
Q

Presence of pus on or in the skin

A

Pyoderma

186
Q

Skin becomes hardened

A

Scleroderma

187
Q

Oily discharge

A

Seborrhea

188
Q

Containing or producing pus

A

Suppurative

189
Q

Open sore or lesion in skin or mucous membrane

A

Ulcer

190
Q

Skin eruption of reddish wheals with severe itching, aka hives

A

Urticaria

191
Q

Small fluid filled raised spot on the skin aka blister

A

Vesicle

192
Q

Small round swollen area on the skin typically seen with allergic reactions

A

Wheal

193
Q

Condition in which the skin is abnormally dry

A

Xeroderma

194
Q

Collection of pus in the skin

A

Abscess

195
Q

Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

A

Acne

196
Q

Chronic form of acne seen in adults involving redness, tiny pimples, and broken blood vessels primarily on cheeks and nose

A

Acne rosacea

197
Q

Body is unable to make melanin, characterized by white hair and skin and red pupils

A

Albinism

198
Q

Cancerous tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis, typically arises on sun exposed skin and does not spread -BCC

A

Basal cell carcinoma

199
Q

Superficial layer and skin is reddened

A

First degree burn

200
Q

Partial thickness with red skin and blisters

A

Second degree burn

201
Q

Full thickness and charring

A

Third degree burn

202
Q

Inflammation of connective tissue found in skin

A

Cellulitis

203
Q

Determines percentage of body burned by dividing the body into sections

A

Rule of Nines

204
Q

Open sore caused by pressure that cuts off Aka bedsore or pressure sore

A

Decubitus ulcer

205
Q

Inflammation of the skin

A

Dermatitis

206
Q

General term indicating presence of abnormal skin condition

A

Dermatosis

207
Q

Late stages of gangrene characterized by affected area becoming dried, blackened, and shriveled

A

Dry gangrene

208
Q

Superficial dermatitis accompanied by redness, vesicles, itching, and crusting

A

Eczema

209
Q

Tissue necrosis usually due to deficient to blood supply

A

Gangrene

210
Q

Abnormal condition in which the skin is dry and scaly

A

Ichthyosis

211
Q

Highly infectious bacterial infection of the skin with pustules that rupture and crust over

A

Impetigo

212
Q

Skin cancer frequently in aids patients, brownish-purple papules that spread to internal organs

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma

213
Q

Raised and thickened scar after injury or surgery

A

Keloid

214
Q

Any skin condition involving overgrowth and thickening of epidermis

A

Keratosis

215
Q

Torn or jagged wound

A

Laceration

216
Q

Skin cancer caused by uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, can quickly spread

A

Malignant melanoma

217
Q

Lice infestation

A

Pediculosis

218
Q

Papules forming “silvery scale” patches with circular borders

A

Psoriasis

219
Q

Contagious viral skin infection Aka German measles

A

Rubella

220
Q

Egg laying mite burrows through the skin and causes redness and intense itching

A

Scabies

221
Q

Cyst filled with sebum or oil from a sebaceous gland and may need to be excised

A

Sebaceous cyst

222
Q

Scar

A

Cicatrix

223
Q

Cancer of the epidermis layer of skin that may spread to deeper tissue, often starts as a sore that won’t heal

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

224
Q

Collection of dilated blood vessels causing a red birthmark that fades a fee months after birth

A

Strawberry hemangioma

225
Q

Chronic disease of connective tissue characterized by red, scaly butterfly rash across cheeks and nose. Autoimmune condition

A

Systemic lupus erythematosis

226
Q

Fungal skin disease resulting in itching, scaling lesions

A

Tinea

227
Q

Fungal infection of scalp aka ringworm

A

Tinea capitis

228
Q

Fungal infection of foot aka athletes foot

A

Tinea pedis

229
Q

Contagious viral skin infection aka chickenpox

A

Varicella

230
Q

Benign growth caused by a virus that is removed by chemicals aka warts

A

Verruca

231
Q

Absence of skin pigment, also called leukoderma

A

Vitiligo

232
Q

area of gangrene that becomes secondarily infected by pus-producing bacteria

A

Wet gangrene

233
Q

Loss of hair aka baldness

A

Alopecia

234
Q

Furuncle involving several hair follicles

A

Carbuncle

235
Q

Bacterial infection of a hair follicle, redness pain and swelling. Aka boil

A

Furuncle

236
Q

Abnormal condition of hair fungus

A

Trichomyosis

237
Q

Infected nail bed

A

Onychia

238
Q

Abnormal condition of nail fungus

A

Onychomycosis

239
Q

Nail biting

A

Onychophagia

240
Q

Infection of skin fold around a nail

A

Paronychia

241
Q

Removal of bacteria from an infection, growing it to identify the bacteria and determine its sensitivity to antibiotics

A

Culture and sensitivity test

242
Q

Piece of tissue removed by syringe to examine under a microscope to aid diagnosis

A

Biopsy

243
Q

Scraping cells from tissue and examining under a microscope

A

Exfoliative cytology

244
Q

Piece of tissue from a frozen specimen for examination under a microscope

A

Frozen section

245
Q

Scrapings from lesions that are placed on a growth medium and examined to identify fungal growth

A

Fungal scrapings

246
Q

Skin graft from one person to another

A

Allograft

247
Q

Skin graft from a person’ sown body

A

Autograft

248
Q

Instrument for cutting the skin

A

Dermatome

249
Q

Transplanting skin

A

Dermatoplasty

250
Q

Graft from an animal of another species (usually pig)

A

Xenograft

251
Q

Destruction of tissue by using caustic chemicals, electric currents,heat, or freezing

A

Cauterization

252
Q

Use of extreme cold to freeze and destroy tissue

A

Cryosurgery

253
Q

Removal of superficial skin lesions with a curette (instrument shaped like a spoon)

A

Curettage

254
Q

Removal of foreign material and dead tissue from wound

A

Debridement

255
Q

Destroy tissue with an electric current

A

Electrocautery

256
Q

Removal of a nail

A

Onychectomy

257
Q

Abrasion using chemicals aka chemical peel

A

Chemabrasion

258
Q

Abrasion using wire brushes or sandpaper

A

Dermabrasion

259
Q

Surgical removal of excess skin to eliminate wrinkles aka facelift

A

Rhytidectomy

260
Q

Reduces severe itching

A

Antipruritic