MSK Session 1- Bones And Joints Flashcards
What is the axial skeleton and how many bones does it contain?
The skull, vertebral column, sternum and ribs.
80 bones
How many bones are in the skeleton?
206
What is the appendicular skeleton and how many bones does it have?
Upper and lower limbs
126 bones
What are the 5 functions of bone?
- provide support and protection
- movement
- storage of minerals in bone matrix
- red bone marrow-haemopoeisis
- yellow bone marrow- lipid storage
What is bone surrounded by?
Periosteum
What are joints?
Articulations between two or more bones
What are fibrous joints and where are they found? (3)
They are fixed joints.
Found in the foetal skull, between the radius and ulna, between teeth.
What are cartilaginous joints and where are they found?
They are sites of Union and are of two types:
- primary- temporary unions- epiphyseal growth plates
- secondary- pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs
What are the functional classifications of synovial joints? (3)
- synarthrosis- no movement
- amphiarthrosis- slight movement
- diarthrosis- free movement
What are the 6 types of synovial joint?
- hinge
- pivot
- plane
- saddle
- ball and socket
- condyloid
What is the movement of a plane joint and give an example of a location.
Permits sliding
The acromioclavicular joint between the clavicle and acromion.
What does a hinge joint permit and where is it found?
Permits flexion and extension
Elbow joint.
What does a pivot joint allow and where is it found?
It allows rotation.
Found at proximal radio ulnar joint
What does a condyloid joint permit and where is it found?
Permits flexion, extension, Adduction, abduction and circumflexion.
Metacarpophalangeal joint.
What does a saddle joint permit and where is it found?
Side to side and slight front to back action.
Carpo-metacarpal joint
What does the ball and socket joint permit and where is it found?
Multi-axial movement
Hip and shoulder joints
Describe the shape of the clavicle
It is convex at the medial half and concave at the lateral half.
The sternal end is larger.
It is an S shape.
Which ribs does the scapula overly?
2-7
Where is the subscapula fossa located?
On the anterior side of the scapula.
Which muscle is responsible for rotation of the scapula?
Serratus anterior
What does the capitulum articulate with?
The radius
What does the trochlea articulate with?
The ulna
Which of the radius and ulna is the only one to articulate with the carpus?
Radius
Which of the two forearm bones is longer?
Ulna
Which nerve and artery lie in the radial groove on the posterior aspect of the arm?
The radial nerve and the profunda brachii artery
Name the 8 carpal bones
Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate, scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
