M&R Session 11- Drugs And The ANS

Question 1

Which branch of the ANS causes bronchoconstriction in asthma?

Answer 1

Parasympathetic

Question 2

Which parasympathetic and sympathetic receptors are found in the airways?

Answer 2

M3 and B2

Question 3

What is the preferred treatment of asthma?

Answer 3

Beta 2 adrenoceptor agonists

Question 4

What are the other drugs that can be used to treat asthma? (3)

Answer 4

Xanthippe drugs
Muscarinic receptor antagonists
Steroids

Question 5

How do Xanthippe drugs treat asthma?

Answer 5

They inhibit phosphodiesterase which breaks down cAMP, therefore meaning that smooth muscle can relax.

Question 6

What is the clinical definition of hypertension?

Answer 6

> 140/90 mmHg

Question 7

What is the preferred treatment option for hypertension?

Answer 7

ACE inhibitors

Question 8

Which adrenoceptors mediate vasoconstriction of vasculature?

Answer 8

Alpha 1

Question 9

What are some of the signs and symptoms of thyrotoxicosis? (8)

Answer 9

Increased BMR 
Heat intolerance 
Warm, sweaty hands
Sweating 
Weight loss 
Increase appetite 
Bulging eyes
Tachycardia

Question 10

What is the main ANS drug used to treat thyrotoxicosis?

Answer 10

Beta 2 antagonists

Question 11

What is another drug that is commonly used to treat thyrotoxicosis? What does it do?

Answer 11

Carbimazole

Prevents association of iodine into the thyroglobulin. Prevents iodination and therefore production of T3 and T4.

Question 12

What is tachyphylaxis?

Answer 12

A reduced sensitivity due to excessive exposure to an agonist.

Question 13

What is suprasensitivity due to?

Answer 13

Excessive antagonist exposure or deprived exposure to agonist.

Question 14

What is an example of an endogenous opioid?

Answer 14

Endorphins

Question 15

What do opioids act on?

Answer 15

Mu opioid receptors

Question 16

What are 6 abnormalities in asthma?

Answer 16

Dyspnoea
Chest tightness 
Chronic cough 
Nocturnal cough 
Wheezing 
Symptoms precipitated by infection, allergens etc.