CVS DR Session 1- The Heart In Situ Flashcards
What are the layers of the pericardium?
- outer fibrous layer (tough)
- inner serous layer- parietal (lines internal surface of fibrous layer) and visceral which forms epicardium of heart.
Where is the heart located?
In the pericardium in the middle mediastinum.
What are the four functions of the pericardium?
- protects against infection
- lubrication- film of fluid is secreted by serous layer and prevents friction
- fixes the heart in the mediastinum
- prevents overfilling of the heart-inextensible fibrous layer.
What is the innervation to the pericardium and where does it originate?
The phrenic nerve.
Originates in the neck.
What is the transverse pericardial sinus?
It is a space located posteriorly to the aorta and pulmonary trunk and anteriorly to the superior vena cava.
What is the oblique pericardial sinus?
It is a space within the pericardium, posterior to the heart. It is a dead end where vessels are found.
What are the branches of the left coronary artery? (3)
- left anterior descending (anterior interventricular)
- left circumflex branch
- left marginal branch
What does the left coronary artery supply?
The left atrium, most of the left ventricle and some of the right ventricle.
Where does the left coronary artery arise from?
The left aortic sinus
Where does the right coronary artery arise from?
The right aortic sinus.
What does the right coronary artery branch into (3)?
- posterior descending branch
- SA nodal branch
- right marginal branch
What does the rite coronary artery supply?
The right atrium, the SA node, most of the RV, some of the LV.
What is the coronary sinus, where is it located, and what meets there?
It is the coming together of the great and small cardiac veins. It is the main vein of the heart and is found on the posterior aspect of the heart.
From which side does the small cardiac vein enter the coronary sinus?
The right side
From which side does the great cardiac vein enter the coronary sinus?
The left side.
