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Anatomy > MSK lower limb > Flashcards

MSK lower limb Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of the iliofemoral ligament

A

prevents hyperextension of the hip joint

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2
Q

what is the function of the pubofemoral ligament

A

prevents over abduction

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3
Q

what two ligaments help form the sciatic foramens

A

sacrotuberus ligament and sacrospinous

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4
Q

action of the tensor fascia lata

A

flexes the thigh

medial rotation and abduction

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5
Q

role of the gluteus maximus

A

extends the thigh, lateral rotation

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6
Q

apart from the gluteus maximum what is the role of the muscles in the gluteal regions

A

abduct and medial rotation

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7
Q

what forms the iliotibial tract

A

combination of the gluteus Maximus and tensor fascia lata tendons

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8
Q

role of the pectineus

A

adduction and flexion

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9
Q

what is the main role of all the muscles in the medial thigh

A

hip adduction

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10
Q

what are the 3 ligaments of the hip

A

iliofemoral
pubofemoral,
ischiofemoral

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11
Q

what is the patellar ligament a continuation of

A

rectus femoris tendon

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12
Q

what do the collateral ligaments do

A

prevent excessive medial or lateral movement

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13
Q

what does the anterior cruciate ligament do?

A

prevents anterior dislocation of the tibia on the femur

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14
Q

what does the posterior cruciate ligament do

A

prevents posterior dislocation of the tibia on the femur

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15
Q

which cruciate ligament is weaker

A

anterior

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16
Q

what do the knee menisci do

A

shock absorber
deepen the joint cavity
help with lubrication and distribute axial load

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17
Q

what are the borders of the popliteal fossa

A

biceps femoris laterally

semimembranosus and semitendinsosus medially

18
Q

where is a good surface marker for locating the femoral artery

A

in between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle

19
Q

boundaries of the femoral triangle

A

medial boundary- adductor Longus
lateral boundary- sartorial
base- inguinal ligament
floor- pectineus and illiopsoas

20
Q

what forms the medial malleolus

A

tibia

21
Q

what forms the lateral malleolus

A

fibular

22
Q

what muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg

A

tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
fibulas tertius

23
Q

what is the action of the tibialis anterior

A

inversion and dorsiflexion

24
Q

what nerve inervates the lateral compartment of the leg

A

superficial fibular nerve

25
Q

what is the action of the fibulars longus

A

eversion and plantar flexion

26
Q

what is the action of the fibulas brevis

A

eversion

27
Q

what are the articulation points of the ankle joint

A

tibia
fibula
upper part of the talus

28
Q

what are the bones of the foot

A

calcaneous, talus, navicular, cuboid, lateral, intermediate and medial cuniforme, metatarsal, proximal middle and distal phalanx

29
Q

in which movement is the ankle most stable

A

dorsi flexion

30
Q

at which joint does inversion and eversion occur

A

subtler joints- talonavicular and talocalcaneal

31
Q

what are the medial ligaments the ankle

A

tibionavicular

tibiocalcaneal

32
Q

what is the role of the medial ligaments

A

helps stabilise the joint during eversion

33
Q

which ligament of the ankle is weaker medial or lateral

A

lateral

34
Q

what are the lateral ligaments of the ankle

A

posterior talofibular and anterior talofibular

calcaneofibular

35
Q

when are ankle sprains most common

A

inversion

36
Q

what is the role of the lateral ligaments of the ankle

A

stabilise the joint during inversion

37
Q

what muscles support the medial arch

A

tibialis posterior and anterior, fibularis lounges, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus intrinsic muscles of the foot

38
Q

which arch in the foot is higher

A

medial arch

39
Q

what muscles support the lateral arch

A

fibularis longus flexor digitorum longus intrinsic muscles of the foot

40
Q

what ligaments support the arches of the foot

A

plantar ligaments

Anatomy (9 decks)

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