MSK lower limb

Question 1

what is the function of the iliofemoral ligament

Answer 1

prevents hyperextension of the hip joint

Question 2

what is the function of the pubofemoral ligament

Answer 2

prevents over abduction

Question 3

what two ligaments help form the sciatic foramens

Answer 3

sacrotuberus ligament and sacrospinous

Question 4

action of the tensor fascia lata

Answer 4

flexes the thigh

medial rotation and abduction

Question 5

role of the gluteus maximus

Answer 5

extends the thigh, lateral rotation

Question 6

apart from the gluteus maximum what is the role of the muscles in the gluteal regions

Answer 6

abduct and medial rotation

Question 7

what forms the iliotibial tract

Answer 7

combination of the gluteus Maximus and tensor fascia lata tendons

Question 8

role of the pectineus

Answer 8

adduction and flexion

Question 9

what is the main role of all the muscles in the medial thigh

Answer 9

hip adduction

Question 10

what are the 3 ligaments of the hip

Answer 10

iliofemoral
pubofemoral,
ischiofemoral

Question 11

what is the patellar ligament a continuation of

Answer 11

rectus femoris tendon

Question 12

what do the collateral ligaments do

Answer 12

prevent excessive medial or lateral movement

Question 13

what does the anterior cruciate ligament do?

Answer 13

prevents anterior dislocation of the tibia on the femur

Question 14

what does the posterior cruciate ligament do

Answer 14

prevents posterior dislocation of the tibia on the femur

Question 15

which cruciate ligament is weaker

Answer 15

anterior

Question 16

what do the knee menisci do

Answer 16

shock absorber
deepen the joint cavity
help with lubrication and distribute axial load

Question 17

what are the borders of the popliteal fossa

Answer 17

biceps femoris laterally

semimembranosus and semitendinsosus medially

Question 18

where is a good surface marker for locating the femoral artery

Answer 18

in between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle

Question 19

boundaries of the femoral triangle

Answer 19

medial boundary- adductor Longus
lateral boundary- sartorial
base- inguinal ligament
floor- pectineus and illiopsoas

Question 20

what forms the medial malleolus

Answer 20

tibia

Question 21

what forms the lateral malleolus

Answer 21

fibular

Question 22

what muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg

Answer 22

tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
fibulas tertius

Question 23

what is the action of the tibialis anterior

Answer 23

inversion and dorsiflexion

Question 24

what nerve inervates the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 24

superficial fibular nerve

Question 25

what is the action of the fibulars longus

Answer 25

eversion and plantar flexion

Question 26

what is the action of the fibulas brevis

Answer 26

eversion

Question 27

what are the articulation points of the ankle joint

Answer 27

tibia fibula upper part of the talus

Question 28

what are the bones of the foot

Answer 28

calcaneous, talus, navicular, cuboid, lateral, intermediate and medial cuniforme, metatarsal, proximal middle and distal phalanx

Question 29

in which movement is the ankle most stable

Answer 29

dorsi flexion

Question 30

at which joint does inversion and eversion occur

Answer 30

subtler joints- talonavicular and talocalcaneal

Question 31

what are the medial ligaments the ankle

Answer 31

tibionavicular | tibiocalcaneal

Question 32

what is the role of the medial ligaments

Answer 32

helps stabilise the joint during eversion

Question 33

which ligament of the ankle is weaker medial or lateral

Answer 33

lateral

Question 34

what are the lateral ligaments of the ankle

Answer 34

posterior talofibular and anterior talofibular | calcaneofibular

Question 35

when are ankle sprains most common

Answer 35

inversion

Question 36

what is the role of the lateral ligaments of the ankle

Answer 36

stabilise the joint during inversion

Question 37

what muscles support the medial arch

Answer 37

tibialis posterior and anterior, fibularis lounges, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus intrinsic muscles of the foot

Question 38

which arch in the foot is higher

Answer 38

medial arch

Question 39

what muscles support the lateral arch

Answer 39

fibularis longus flexor digitorum longus intrinsic muscles of the foot

Question 40

what ligaments support the arches of the foot

Answer 40

plantar ligaments