Head and neck

Question 1

what is the occipital protuberance

Answer 1

lump at the back of the head found on the occipital bone

Question 2

where is the styloid process

Answer 2

temporal bone

Question 3

what are the layers of the scalp

Answer 3

skin, dense connective tissue, aponeurosis of the occipitofrontalis muscle, looser areolar connective tissue, periosteum

Question 4

what is the anterior part of the scalp supplied by

Answer 4

branches of the trigeminal nerve

Question 5

what is the posterior part of the scalp supplied by

Answer 5

greater and lesser occipital nerve

Question 6

Greater occipital nerve is from ?

Answer 6

C2/3

Question 7

lesser occipital nerve is from

Answer 7

C2

Question 8

function of the orbiculares oculi

Answer 8

gently closes the eyeball

Question 9

function of the occipital belly of occipitofrontalis

Answer 9

retracts the scalp

Question 10

Function of the orbital part of the orbiculares oris

Answer 10

tightly closes eyelid ie winking

Question 11

function of frontal belly of occipitofrontalis

Answer 11

protracts the scalp so wrinkles forehead and elevates the eyebrows

Question 12

function of the buccinator

Answer 12

helps maintain food within the oral cavity

Question 13

function of the platysma

Answer 13

depresses the mandible and tenses the sin on the neck and the chin

Question 14

function of the orbicularis oris

Answer 14

closes the mouth and protrudes the lips, resists pressure when blowing

Question 15

what innervates all the facial muscles

Answer 15

facial nerve

Question 16

where does the facial nerve enter onto the side of the face

Answer 16

through the stylomastoid foramen

Question 17

what are the two arteries that supply the face

Answer 17

facial artery and the superficial temporal artery

Question 18

what are the facial and superficial temporal artery branches of?

Answer 18

external carotid artery

Question 19

what is the path of the facial artery

Answer 19

winds around the inferior border of the mandible and then grooves the submandibular salivary gland before entering the side of the face

Question 20

venous drainage of the face

Answer 20

facial and superficial temporal vein which drain into the retromandibular and then the internal jugular

Question 21

what type of gland are the salivary glands

Answer 21

exocrine

Question 22

where do secretions from the parotid gland go

Answer 22

parotid duct which emerges from the anterior border of the gland going through the master muscle and opens into the oral cavity near the second upper molar tooth

Question 23

what structures pass through the parotid gland

Answer 23

facial nerve
external carotid artery
retromandibular nerve

Question 24

innervation of the parotid gland?

Answer 24

parasympathetic through the glossopharyngeal nerve

sympathetic from the superior cervical ganglion

Question 25

innervation of the submandibular and sublingual

Answer 25

facial nerve

Question 26

what separates the two lobes of the submandibular salivary gland

Answer 26

mylohyoid muscle

Question 27

what are the 4 compartments found in the neck

Answer 27

vertebral, vascular, visceral, musculofascial

Question 28

what joint is present between the occipital condyles and C1

Answer 28

ellipsoid synovial joint

Question 29

what is present between C1 and C2

Answer 29

odontoid peg | also find a pivot joint

Question 30

what is the 7th cervical vertebrae called

Answer 30

vertebra prominens

Question 31

what is a key feature of the cervical vertebrae

Answer 31

spinous processes that bifurcate

Question 32

what is found in the neuromuscular sheath

Answer 32

common carotid, internal jugular vein, hypoglossal and vagus nerve

Question 33

what is found in the muscular triangle

Answer 33

strap muscles of the neck, pharynx, thyroid and parathyroid glands

Question 34

what is found in the submandibular triangle of the neck

Answer 34

facial artery and submandibular gland

Question 35

attachements of the hyoid bone

Answer 35

suprahyoid muscles infra hyoid muscles and digastric and omohyoid

Question 36

function and innervation of mylohyoid

Answer 36

pulls hyoid bone up and forward | mandibular nerve

Question 37

function and innervation of geniohyoid

Answer 37

pulls hyoid bone up and forward | C1 nerve roots that run within the hypoglossal

Question 38

function and innervation of the diagastric

Answer 38

anterior belly by mandibular nerve | posterior belly by facial nerve

Question 39

innervation of the stylohyoid

Answer 39

facial nerve

Question 40

innervation of the sternohyoid

Answer 40

cervical plexus C1-3

Question 41

innervation of sternothyroid

Answer 41

cervical plexus C1-3

Question 42

innervation of thyrohyoid

Answer 42

C1 roots travelling within the hypoglossal nerve

Question 43

innervation of omohyoid

Answer 43

cervical plexus C1-3

Question 44

what connects the two lobes of the thyroid gland

Answer 44

isthmus

Question 45

where does the isthmus lie

Answer 45

in the region of the second and third tracheal rings

Question 46

blood supply of the thyroid gland

Answer 46

superior thyroid artery

Question 47

function of the genioglossus

Answer 47

protrudes tongue to opposite side

Question 48

function of the hyoglossus

Answer 48

depresses and retracts and elevates the tongue

Question 49

function of the styloglossus

Answer 49

retracts and elevates the tongue

Question 50

palatoglossus

Answer 50

elevates the posterior aspect of the tongue and depresses the soft palate

Question 51

innervation of the palatoglossus

Answer 51

pharyngeal plexus of the vagus nerve

Question 52

muscles of the soft palate

Answer 52

``` levator veli palatini tensor veli palatini palatoglossus palatopharyngeus musculus uvalae ```

Question 53

what two bones compose the hard palate

Answer 53

palatine process of maxilla | palatine bone

Question 54

what are the muscles of the soft palate innervated by

Answer 54

pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve but tensor veil is by the mandibular nerve

Question 55

what is transmitted through the optic foramen

Answer 55

optic nerve and ophthalmic artery

Question 56

superior orbital fissure

Answer 56

abducens nerve, trochlear,ocullomotr ophthalmic veins

Question 57

interior orbital fisure

Answer 57

maxillary nerve of trigeminal

Question 58

what are the terminal branches of the facial nerve

Answer 58

``` temporal zygomatic buccal marginal mandibulr cervical ```