MSK Etc. Flashcards
Femoral triangle contents
Floor: iliopsoas m. Roof: fascia lata N, A, V, empty space w/ lymph (deep inguinal). Base: inguinal l. Lateral wall: sartorius m. Medial wall: adductor longus m.
Femoral sheath
Encloses femoral vessels and femoral canal to allow for gliding during movement. Does not contain the femoral n.
Femoral canal
Contains lymph nodes and fat. Allows veins to expand during high venous return. Proximal opening is termed the femoral ring.
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Contains proximal and distal groups Distal LNs are alongside the great saphenous v.
Deep inguinal lymph nodes drain into:
External iliac lymph nodes
Femoral n.
Largest branch of lumbar plexus. Forms within psoas major m.
Supplies: iliacus m., sartorius m., quadriceps ms, pectineous m.
Terminal branch is saphenous n.
Cutaneous innervation of the femoral n.
Gives anterior cutaneous n., lateral cutaneous n., and saphenous n.
Anterior does anterior side. Saphenous n. anterior and medial portion of leg and medial foot. Lateral cutaneous n. does lateral part of thigh.
Meralgia parathetica
Compression of the lateral femoral n. as it passes under inguinal l. and causes pain along lateral thigh.
Saphenous n. passes along with:
Great saphenous v.
Adductor canal
Extends from apex of femoral triangle. Contains femoral vessels and saphenous n. Saphenous branch of the descending genicular a. exits on medial side of the canal.
Ends at adductor hiatus.
Descending genicular a. gives what branches?
Articular branch.
Saphenous branch.
Comes off medially.
Medial circumflex femoral a.
Main supply to femoral head and neck.
Reaches posterior thigh.
Lateral circumflex femoral a.
Supplies lateral thigh muscles and femoral head.
Has 3 branches.
Cruciate anastomosis (4)
Inferior gluteal a.
Medial and lateral circumflex femoral as.
1st perforating branch.
Nerve roots to know (5)
Femoral n. L2-L4 Obturator n. L2-L4 Sciatic n. L4-S3 ---> Tibial n. L4-S3 ---> Common fibular n. L4-S2
Patellar reflex
Tests L2-L4 femoral n. Decrease in this reflex is called Westphal’s sign.
Calcaneal tendon reflex
Tests S1-S2.
Pes anserinus
Common insertion for sartorius m., gracilis m., and semitendinosis m. Inserts on medial part of tibia.
Quads action
Rectus femoris m. extends leg and flexes thigh due to origin of AIIS. Vasti all extend leg only as they originate on femoral body.
Gracilis m. is the only:
Action:
Adductor to cross knee joint.
Adducts thigh and flexes and medially rotates leg.
Greater sciatic foramen
All exit. Gluteal neurovascular bundles. Piriformis m. Sciatic n. Posterior femoral cutaneous n. P, I, N structures