Connective Tissue Flashcards
Fibrous component of ECM of CT
Collagens - resist tension.
Elastin - stretchable fibers.
Reticular fibers - forms supportive meshwork.
Type - 1 collagen fibers
Crosslinked to increase strength.
Scurvy and E-D syndrome both caused by type-1 collagen problems.
Amorphous ground substance of ECM of CT (3)
Proteoglycans
Hyaluronan
Glycoproteins
EC proenzymes
Types of proteoglycans in ECM (3)
Chrondoitin sulfates
Heparan sulfates
Keratan sulfates
Embryonic CT
Rick in ECM and mesenchymal stem cells.
Less collagen and reticular fibers.
Wharton’s jelly
Embryonic CT in the umbilical cord.
Loose CT classes (3)
Areolar
Adipose
Reticular
Loose areolar CT
Low density with fixed and wandering cells.
Widespread.
Loose adipose CT
Fat containing CT.
Loose reticular CT
Rich in retocular fibers. Creases meshwork to hold free cells.
Dense CT classes (3)
Dense irregular CT
Dense regular CT
Elastic CT
Dense irregular CT
Random assortment of fibers.
ex: dermis of skin.
Dense regular CT
Regular assortment of CT.
ex: tendons.
Elastic CT
Rich in elastic fibers.
Fixed cell types (3)
Fibroblasts
Adipocytes
Mesenchymal cells
Wandering cells
Immune cells. Macrophages Mast cells Leuko/Lymphocytes Plasma cells
Where is Loose CT found and what is its function?
Immediately beneath membranous epithelia and around BVs, muscles and nerves.
Binds tissues together, hols fluids, immune protection.
Where is Adipose CT found and what is its function?
Under skin, around organs, within breasts, abdomen and buttocks.
Provides energy storage, insulates against heat loss, supports and protects organs.
White vs. Brown fat
White fat functions in energy storage, insulation, cushioning and hormone secretion. Brown fat is more thermogenic in nature and highly abundant in newborns. Reduced in adults.
Where is Reticular CT found and what is its function?
Liver, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen.
Houses immune cells outside blood and lymphatic tissues.
Where is Dense irregular CT found and what is its function?
Dermis, fascia, periosteum, perichondrium, capsules around organs.
Fibroblasts main cell type. Resists tearing and stretching.
Where is Dense regular CT found and what is its function?
Tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses, joint capsules.
Fibroblasts main cell type.
Resists pulling. Poorly vascularized.
Where is Elastic CT found and what is its function?
BVs, bronchioles, some special ligaments.
Allows for recoil of tissues.
Fibroblasts
Functions to produce ECM components.
Macrophages
Mast cells
Plasma cells
M - differentiate from blood monocyte and fight infection.
Mast cells - release histamine and heparin in allergic responses.
Plasma cells - differentiated B cells that produce Abs.
