Femoral Triangle

Question 1

Borders of the femoral triangle

Answer 1

Roof: Fascia lata M.
Floor: Pectineus M. and Iliopsoas Ms.

Question 2

Contents of the femoral triangle

Answer 2

Femoral N.
Femoral A.
Femoral V.
Femoral canal.
Deep inguinal lymph nodes.

Question 3

Boundaries of the femoral triangle

Answer 3

Base: Inguinal L.
Lateral wall: Sartorius M.
Medial wall: Adductor longus M.

Question 4

Femoral sheath

Answer 4

Funnel-shaped fascial tube that is an inferior prolongation of transversalis fascia. Allows for femoral vessels to glide deep to the inguinal L. during hip movements. Ends about 4-10 cm inferior to inguinal L.

Question 5

3 compartments of the femoral sheath

Answer 5

1. Lateral - Femoral A.
2. Intermediate - Femoral V.
   3.Medial or femoral canal.
   Does not contain the Femoral N.

Question 6

Femoral canal

Answer 6

Small compartment within Femoral sheath.

Contains a few lymph nodes, loose CT and fat. Allows femoral V. to expand during increased venous return.

Question 7

Inguinal lymph nodes

Answer 7

Drain lymph from lower limbs, perineum and parts of anal canal, and the anterior abdominal wall.

Question 8

Proximal group of superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Answer 8

Lie in superficial fascia 1 cm inferior to inguinal L.

Question 9

Distal group of superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Answer 9

Along each side of Great saphenous V. Passes deep to inguinal L. and drain into external iliac lymph nodes.

Question 10

Femoral N.

Answer 10

Largest branch of lumbar plexus. Enters thigh just lateral to midpoint of inguinal L. and is lateral to femoral vessels. Supplies anterior thigh muscles and hip and knee joints.

Question 11

Femoral ring

Answer 11

Proximal opening of the femoral canal. Covered by peritoneum.

Question 12

Femoral hernia

Answer 12

Intestine pushes through the femoral ring and into the femoral canal.

Question 13

Deep inguinal lymph nodes

Answer 13

Lie medial to femoral v. and inside femoral canal of femoral sheath. Drain into external iliac lymph nodes.

Question 14

Meralgia parasthetica

Answer 14

Compression of the femoral cutaneous n. as it passes under inguinal ligament causes pain along lateral thigh.

Question 15

Saphenous N.

Answer 15

Cutaneous N that becomes superficial between Sartorius M. and Gracilis M. Supplies skin of anterior and medial knee and leg as well as the medial foot.

Question 16

Adductor hiatus

Answer 16

Opening in tendon of adductor magnus. Femoral vessels reach popliteal fossa via this archway.

Question 17

Cannulation of Femoral A.

Answer 17

Used for radiographic visualation of left heart and coronary vessels. Superficial. Lies anterior to femur head.

Question 18

Profunda femoris A.

Answer 18

Largest branch of femoral a. Descends behind adductor longus m. Gives rise to medial and lateral circumflex femoral as.

Question 19

Medial circumflex femoral A.

Answer 19

Supplies femoral head and neck.

Question 20

Lateral circumflex femoral A.

Answer 20

Lateral thigh muscles and femoral head. Has 3 branches (ascending, transverse, descending).

Question 21

Great saphenous V. clinical importance

Answer 21

Used to administer blood, electrolytes, etc. or for coronary bypass surgery.