Cartilage Histology

Question 1

Chondroblasts

Answer 1

Cells that secrete cartilage matrix.

Has mitotic capabilities.

Question 2

Chrondrocytes

Answer 2

Mature cartilage cells in lacunae.

Surrounded by matrix and maintain matrix.

Question 3

Hyaline cartilage

Answer 3

Surrounded by perichondrium.
Contains type II collagen.
Found on ends of bones, larynx, trachea, ribs, embryonic development.

Question 4

Elastic cartilage

Answer 4

Surrounded by perichondrium.
Contains type II collagen.
Found in external ear, epiglottis, auditory tube.

Question 5

Fibrocartilage

Answer 5

Lacks perichondrium.
Contains type I and II collagen.
Found in intervertebral disks, pubic symphysis, TMJ.

Question 6

Territorial matrix

Answer 6

Moderate staining.
Consists of type II collagen randomly arranged.
High GAGs and decreased collagen.

Question 7

Interterritorial matrix

Answer 7

Surrounds the territorial matrix
Less intense staingin.
More type II collagen, fewer proteoglycans.

Question 8

Perichondrium

Answer 8

Dense irregular CT.
Has vascular suply.
Found in only hyaline and elastic cartilage.
Source of new cartilage cells.
Has a fibrous and chondrogenic layers.

Question 9

Fibrous layer

Answer 9

Outer layer that produces type I collagen and elastin.

Found in transitional zone between cartilage and surrounding general CT.

Question 10

Chondrogenic layer

Answer 10

Inner layer that differentiates into chondroblasts.

Secretes type II collagen.

Question 11

Elastic cartilage components

Answer 11

Hyaline cartilage and elastic fibers.

Surrounded by perichondrium.

Question 12

Fibrocartilage components

Answer 12

Hyaline cartilage and dense regular CT.

Question 13

Appositional growth

Answer 13

Growth of undifferentiated cells perichondrium.

Question 14

Interstitial growth

Answer 14

New cells added from chondrocytes within isogenous groups. Increases overall size.

Question 15

Cartilage repair

Answer 15

Limited repair capability due to avascular nature.
Repair cartilage forms when perichondrium is involved.
Facilitates healing of bone fracture.
Dependent upon age.

Question 16

Type A macrophage-like synovial cells

Answer 16

Phagocytic.
Contains lysosomes to clear debris.
25% of cells lining the synovium.
Regulate inflammatory events.

Question 17

Type B fibroblast-like synovial cells

Answer 17

Produce synovial fluid.
Produce hyaluronate that combines with synovial fluid.
Lubricates/nourishes the articular cartilage.

Question 18

Superficial zone of articular cartilage

Answer 18

Chondrocytes are small and flattened.

Superficial region is devoid of cells.

Question 19

Intermediate zone of articular cartilage

Answer 19

Chondrocytes larger and rounder.

Occur alone an din isogenous groups.

Question 20

Deep zone of articular cartilage

Answer 20

Large chondrocytes form radial columns.

Question 21

Calcified zone of articular cartilage

Answer 21

Rests on underlying cortex of bone.

Stains darkly.