MSK

Question 1

List the main features of the palm? (2)

Answer 1

• Palmar aponeurosis

- Flexor retinaculum

Question 2

Where is the hand palm aponeurosis?

Answer 2

In superifical longitudunal layer contunous with palmaris longus tendon

Question 3

Where is the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 3

Thick connective tissue forming the roof of carpal tunnel on palmar side

Question 4

What is the carpal tunnel?

Answer 4

Narrow passageway on anterior wrist

Question 5

What is the carpal tunnel the entrance for? (3)

Answer 5

• Median nerve
• Flexor polliicus longus in its own synovial sheath
• Tendons: 4x flexor digtorium superficious/sublimus and 4xflexor digitorum profundus in one synovial sheath

Question 6

Label carpal tunnel

Answer 6

See notes

Question 7

Label major features of palm

Answer 7

See notes

Question 8

Describe the carpal tunnel (5)

Answer 8

• Carpal bones form floor
• Flexor retinaculum forms roof
• Anterior: 4x flexor digtorium superficious/sublimus below flexor retinaculum
• Posteriorly: 4xflexor digitorum profundus
• Median nerve and flexor pollicus longus laterally

Question 9

What actions are produced by the wrist joint?

Answer 9

• Flexion
• Extension
• Adduction
• Abduction

Question 10

What muscles produce flexion at the wrist joint? (3)

Answer 10

• Flexor carpi ulnaris

- Flexor carpi radialis - (Some) flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 11

What are the 4 parts of the limbs?

Answer 11

• Forearm
• Arm
• Thigh
• Leg

Question 12

What are the muscle compartments of the forearm? (2)

Answer 12

• Anterior

- Posterior

Question 13

What categories are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm? (3)

Answer 13

• Superficial
• Intermediate
• Deep

Question 14

What are the actions of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm? (3)

Answer 14

• Wrist flexion
• Finger flexion
• Pronation

Question 15

What are the muscles of the superficial anterior compartment of the forearm medial to lateral? (4)

Answer 15

• Pronator teres (further up)
• Flexor carpi radialis
• Palmaris longus
• Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 16

What muscle is in the intermediate anterior compartment of the forearm?

Answer 16

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 17

Where is the flexor digitorum superficialis?

Answer 17

Below the superficial anterior compartment of the forearm muscles

Question 18

What passes between the two heads of the flexor digitorum superficialis? (2)

Answer 18

• Ulnar nerve

- Median artery

Question 19

What muscles is in the deep anterior compartment of the forearm?

Answer 19

• Flexor digitorum profundus
• Flexor pollicis longus
• Pronator quadratus

Question 20

What does pronator quadratus look like?

Answer 20

Square shaped deep to flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus

Question 21

Where is the flexor digitorum profundus?

Answer 21

Medial to flexor pollicus longus

Attached to ulnar

Question 22

Where is the flexor pollicus longus?

Answer 22

Lateral to flexor digotorium profundus
Attached to radius
Splits into 4 tendons

Question 23

What is the common action of the posterior compartent of the forearm?

Answer 23

Extension of wrist and fingers

Question 24

What are the superficial muscles of the posterior forearm compartment? (^)

Answer 24

• • Brachioradialis
• Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
• Extensor digitorum
• Extensor digit minimi
• Extensor carpi ulnaris
• Anconeus

Question 25

What are facet joints?

Answer 25

The inferior articular processes of one vertebra form a joint with the superior articular processes of the vertebra below