MRSA, ESBL og antibiotikaresistens Flashcards

1
Q

Hva er definisjonen på “multidrug resistant organismer” (MDROs)?

A
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2
Q

Hvilke risikofaktorer finnes for MDRO infeksjoner?

A
The risk of MDRO colonization may be elevated for up to 2 years after antibiotic treatment.
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3
Q

Hvilket resistensmønster har meticillinresistente Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

A

The resistance mechanism of MRSA relies on modified PBPs, not the formation of beta-lactamase.

Every case of MRSA (symptomatic or asymptomatic) requires treatment.

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4
Q

Hvordan er epidemiologien til MRSA?

A
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5
Q

Hvilke sykdommer fører MRSA til?

A
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6
Q

Hvilke mottiltak har man for å forhindre MRSA-smitte?

A

OBS! Dråpesmitteregime.

Required for each detected case of MRSA. Patients with the same MRSA strain may be placed in isolation together in the same room. Isolation should not be ended until 3 negative samples from suspected infection site have been collected.
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7
Q

Hvilket resistensmønster har ekstendert betalaktamase produserende bakterier?

A
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8
Q

Hvilke patogener er ESBL?

A
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9
Q

Hvilke sykdommer gir ESBL?

A
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10
Q

Hvilke mottiltak gjøres mot ESBL smitte?

A

Kontaktsmitte!

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11
Q

Hva er VRE?

A

Vancomysinresistente enterokokker.

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12
Q

Hva er definisjonen på VRE?

A
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13
Q

Hvordan blir bakterier VRE?

A
Vancomycin binds to the d-alanine-d-alanine amino acid sequence of peptidoglycan precursors, which inhibits cell wall synthesis in gram-positive bacteria.
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14
Q

Hva er MDRGNB?

A

Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria (MDRGNB).

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15
Q

Hva er definisjonen på MDRGNB?

A
Caused by overuse of antimicrobial agents and problems with infection control practices. This problem has also been observed in ESBL pathogens and P. aeruginosa.
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16
Q

Hvilke tiltak setter man inn mot MDRGNB?

A
Low-risk areas include wards without a particularly vulnerable group of patients or structural conditions that may facilitate the transmission of pathogens.
17
Q

Hvilken resistensprofil har P.aeruginosa?

A
18
Q

Hvilke sykdommer gir infeksjoner med P.aeruginosa?

A
19
Q

Hvordan legger man opp behandlingen ved MDRO-infeksjon?

A

Antibiotic regimens for the same pathogen may differ based on the source of infection and the severity of the disease.

The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) can be used to guide therapy.
20
Q

Hvilke bakterietyper er MRSA og vankomycinresistente patogener?

Farging

A

Gram-positive bakterier.

21
Q

Hvilke ab. er MRSA resistent mot?

Og potensielle

A
22
Q

Hva er førstelinjebehandlingen ved MRSA?

A

Vankomycin

23
Q

Hvilke andre behandlingsalt. har man ved MRSA?

Ikke 1.linje

A
24
Q

Hva er VRE resistent mot?

Potensielle?

A
25
Q

Hva er 1.linjebehandling ved VRE?

A

Linezolid

26
Q

Hvilke andre behandlingsalt. har man ved VRE?

Ikke 1.linje

A
27
Q

Hva er ESBL resistent mot?

A
28
Q

Hva er P.aeruginosa resistent mot?

A
29
Q

Hvilke midler er MDRGNB resistent mot?

A
30
Q

Hvordan behandler man ESBL patogener?

A

Mostly remaining sensitivity to imipenem and meropenem.

31
Q

Hvilke andre behandlingsalt. har man ved ESBL?

A
32
Q

Hva er 1.linjebehandlingen ved MDRGNB P.aeruginosa?

A
Depending on the remaining sensitivity. Except ertapenem, which may often be ineffective against this class.
33
Q

Ved ab.resistent mot alle fire grupper, hva gir man ved P.aeruginosa infeksjon?

A
Resistance to tigecycline is common.