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AH extra cards > Movement upper limb > Flashcards

Movement upper limb Flashcards

1
Q

Meromelia

A

Partial absence of a limb

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2
Q

PHocomelia

A

Hand attached to shoulder (thalidomide)

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3
Q

Syndactyly

A

Fused digits

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4
Q

Polydactyly

A

Extra digits

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5
Q

Ectrodactyly

A

Lobster claw

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6
Q

Borders of quadrangular space

A

Lat- humerus
Med-long head triceps brachii
Sup-teres minor
Inf- teres major

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7
Q

What secretes Fgf10? What does it do?

A

Lateral plate mesoderm, thickens ectoderm- apical ectodermal ridge which secretes Fgf4 and 8 - progress zone, proximodistal growth

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8
Q

What controls dorsoventral development of limbs?

A

Wnt7 (dorsal) and Engrailed-1 (ventral, inhibits wnt7)

Secreted by ectoderm

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9
Q

What controls craniocaudal development of limb?

A

Shh secreted by caudal zone of polarising activity, diffuses in cranial direction

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10
Q

Extensors of the upper limb come from the anterior or posterior condensation, which comes from the dorsal epimere or the ventral hypomere?

A

Posterior condensation from the ventral hypomere

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11
Q

Pectoral girdle = ?+?

A

Scapula and clavicle

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12
Q

Nerve supply to levator scapulae, rhomboid maj and min?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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13
Q

Deltoid innervation

A

Axillary

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14
Q

Which shoulder muscles are not part of the rotator cuff

A

Deltoid and teres major

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15
Q

Supraspinatus and infraspinatus nerve supply

A

Supra-scapular nerve

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16
Q

Teres minor innervation

A

Axillary

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17
Q

Teres major innervation

A

Lower sub-scapular

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18
Q

Subscapularis innervation

A

Upper and lower sub-scapular

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19
Q

What runs in the quadrangular space

A

Axillary nerve

Post circumflex humeral artery

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20
Q

Clavipectoral/deltopectoral triangle- borders and contents

A

Deltoid, pec maj and clavicle

Cephalic vein

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21
Q

Innervation of pec maj

A

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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22
Q

Innervation of pec min

A

medial pectoral nerve

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23
Q

Innervation of serratus anterior

A

long thoracic

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24
Q

Innervation of subclavius

A

nerve to subclavius

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25
Q

Damage to long thoracic nerve results in what sign?

A

Winged scapula

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26
Q

Axilla borders

A

Med- upper thoracic wall, serr ant
Lateral- intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Anterior- pect maj and min, subclavius, clavipectoral fascia
Posterior- subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi, long head triceps brachii

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27
Q

Contents of the neurovascular bundle that passes through the axilla?

A

Brachial plexus, axillary artery and vein, lymph

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28
Q

Neve supply to index finger palmar side

A

Median

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29
Q

Nerve supply to dorsum of hand caudal side

A

ulnar

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30
Q

What does the median cubital vein connect?

A

Basilic and cephalic veins

31
Q

From where does the cephalic vein arise?

A

Dorsal veins of the hand

32
Q

What does the basilic vein become in the arm when it pierces the deep fascia?

A

Axillary vein

33
Q

Nerve to anterior compartment of arm

A

Musculocutaneous

34
Q

Artery to anterior compartment of arm

A

Brachial

35
Q

Posterior compartment of arm contents?

A

Triceps brachii

36
Q

Triceps nerve supply

A

Radial

37
Q

Triceps artery

A

Deep brachial

38
Q

What structures run in the spiral groove of the humerus? Is this superior or inferior to teres major

A

Radial nerve and deep brachial artery

Inferior

39
Q

Dislocation of the lunate bone may lead to compression of which nerve?

A

Median

40
Q

Contents of cubital fossa

A

Biceps brachii tendon
Brachial artery
Median nerve

41
Q

Flexor compartment is innervated by which nerve? Except?

A

Median, except flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial half of flexor digitorum profundus which are innervated by the ulnar nerve

42
Q

What structures pass through the carpal tunnel?

A

Median nerve
Tendons of :
-flexor pollicis longus
-flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus

43
Q

Extensor compartment of forearm is innervated by

A

Radial nerve

44
Q

Hypothenar eminence nerve

A

Deep branch ulnar

45
Q

Lumbricals nerve?

A

Medial 2 - deep ulnar

Lateral 2 - median digital branches

46
Q

Interossei nerves

A

deep ulnar

47
Q

Thenar eminence nerves

A

Median

48
Q

Cubital fossa borders

A

Lat- brachioradialis

Med- pronator teres

49
Q

Borders of anatomical snuff box

A

Ant- abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis

Post- extensor pollicis longus

50
Q

Which direction are most elbow dislocations?

A

Posterior

51
Q

Elbow dislocation associated nerve injury?

A

Ulnar

52
Q

Fracture of surgical neck of humerus injures which nerve?

A

Axillary

53
Q

Fracture of humeral shaft injures which nerve

A

Radial (spiral groove. Wrist drop)

54
Q

Supracondylar fracture of humerus injury to what?

A

Median nerve and brachial artery

55
Q

Which carpal bone is most commonly dislocated?

A

Lunate

56
Q

Ulnar nerve and artery run in what in the wrist?

A

Guyon’s canal

57
Q

Ulnar nerve damage = what sign?

A

Ulnar claw

58
Q

Colles fracture is where and results in what appearance of the wrist?

A

Distal radius

Dinner fork appearance

59
Q

Most shoulder dislocations are in which direction?

A

Inferior

60
Q

Shoulder is which dermatome?

A

C4

61
Q

Damage to C5 and C6 is which palsy? What sign? How may it occur

A

Erb’s
Waiter’s tip
Stretching neck when baby delivered, or fall from a height onto neck

62
Q

Damage to C8 T1 is which palsy?

What sign?

A

Klumpke’s
Claw hand as intrinsic hand muscles are paralysed
Pulling arm a lot

63
Q

Klumpke’s palsy plus elbow pain=?

A

Cubital fossa syndrome

64
Q

Wrist drop is a sign of?

A

Radial nerve palsy (injury in spiral groove)

65
Q

Hand of benediction a sign of?

A

Median nerve injury at elbow

66
Q

Difference between HoB and ulnar claw?

A

HoB only when try to make fist (can’t flex digits 1-3- median nerve) but ulnar claw = can’t flex median lumbricals (ulnar nerve)

67
Q

Where are the trunks of the brachial plexus located?

A

Neck

68
Q

Where are the cords of the brachial plexus located?

A

axilla

69
Q

Where are the divisions of the brachial plexus located?

A

Clavicle

70
Q

Root values of thoracodorsal nerve

A

C6-C8 (post)

71
Q

Root values of Median nerve

A

C6-T1 (ant)

72
Q

Root values of Axillary nerve

A

C5,C6 (posterior division)

73
Q

Root values of long thoracic nerve

A

C5,C6,C7

74
Q

Root values of medial pectoral

A

C8, T1

AH extra cards (29 decks)

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