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AH extra cards > Control term 1 > Flashcards

Control term 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Lareral sulcus divides?

A

Frontal and temporal lobes

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2
Q

Diencephalon contains

A

Thalamus and hypothalmus

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3
Q

How is the medulla oblongata derived embryologically?

A

Rhomencephalon –> myencephalon –> MO

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4
Q

How is the diencephalon derived embryologically?

A

Prosencephalon –>diencephalon

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5
Q

2 layers of dura are called

A

Meningeal and periosteal

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6
Q

The middle cerebral artery is a continuation of what?

A

Internal carotid

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7
Q

From where does the posterior inferior cereballar artery arise?

A

Vertebral

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8
Q

From where does the posterior cerebral artery arise?

A

Inferior communicating

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9
Q

Weak area of the skull is called? What lies beneath it?

A

Pterion

Middle meningeal artery

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10
Q

What is the ciliary ganglion supplied by, and where does it go, via what?

A

CNIII, via V1 to sphincter pupillae

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11
Q

The facial nerve supplies which to ganglia? Where do these go and via what?

A

Pterygopalatine–>V2–>lacrimal gland

Submandibular –> V3 –> Submandibular and sublingual glands

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12
Q

How does information get from CNIX to the parotid?

A

Via the otic ganglion and V3

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13
Q

Third ventricle is between?

A

Thalami

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14
Q

Fourth ventricle is between?

A

Cerebellum and pons

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15
Q

What connects the third and fourth ventricles?

A

Cerebral aqueduct

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16
Q

Where is the reticular formation

A

Tegmentum

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17
Q

Reticular formation controls what?

A

Gives rise to motor pathways

Autonomic centres

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18
Q

Ascending reticular activating system involved in what?

A

Consciousness
Pain
Sleep cycle
Arousal

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19
Q

Where do superficial veins of the brain drain to?

A 
Superior sagittal sinus
Confluence of sinuses
Transverse
Sigmoid
IJV
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20
Q

Where do deep veins drain to?

A 
Great cerebral vein
Confluence of sinuses
Transverse
Sigmoid
IJV
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21
Q

Tectum contains the

A

Superior and inferior colliculi

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22
Q

Trigeminal is motor to what?

A

Muscles of mastication
Swallowing
Tensor tympani

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23
Q

Trigeminal sensory to what?

A

Anterior scalp, dura, teeth, mucous membranes, skin of face

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24
Q

Damage to trigem=jaw deviates to ? side

A

Ipsilateral

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25
Q

Chorda tympani carries fibres between the ? and ? nerve

A

Facial and lingual (from trigem)

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26
Q

Innervation of the tongue?

A

Ant 2/3 taste- facial
Post 1/3- glossop
Motor- hypoglossal

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27
Q

What is Bell’s palsy

A

dysfunction of facial nerve

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28
Q

Which cranial nerve damage = dysphagia?

A

IX

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29
Q

Which cranial nerve damage = dysphonia?

A

X

30
Q

Which cranial nerve damage = dysarthria?

A

XII, X, IX

31
Q

Glossop innervates what sensory?

A

Post 1/3 tongue, oropharynx, skin ext ear, internal tympanic membrane, upper pharynx

32
Q

In vagus nerve damage uvula devaites to ? side?

A

Contralateral

33
Q

Hypoglossal nerve damage tongue deviates to ? side

A

Ipsilateral

34
Q

Facial nerve action on glands?

A

Parasymp to all glands except parotid (that is glossop)

35
Q

Action of subthalamus

A

Motor control

36
Q

Action of epithalamus

A

Secretes melatonin so diurnal rythm

37
Q

Corpus collusum and anterior commisure are dervied from what?

A

Lamina terminalis

38
Q

Association fibres

A

Same hemisphere

39
Q

Commisural fibres

A

different hemisphere

40
Q

Projection fibres

A

Cerebrum to outside cerebrum

41
Q

What produces CSF?

A

Choroid plexus

42
Q

Where does CSF go?

A

Ventricles, subarachnoid space, arachnoid villi, dural venous sinuses

43
Q

White matter contains what

A

Axons

44
Q

The medial surface of the occipital lobe is bisected by the ?

A

Calcarine sulcus

45
Q

Major function of basal ganglia?

A

Coordinate movement

46
Q

Corpus striatum is made of?

A

Caudate and lentiform nucleii

47
Q

Lentiform nucleus = ?+?

A

Putamen and globus pallidus

48
Q

Striatum = ?+?

A

Caudate nucleus and putamen

49
Q

Nerve supply of infrahyoid muscles

A

Ansa cervicalis (c1) except thyrohyoid is C1 via hypoglossal

50
Q

What is in the carotid sheath?

A

Common carotid artery
IJV
Vagus nerve (or last 4 CNs in the upper part of the neck)

51
Q

Vertebral level of the carotid bifurcation? What is a landmark?

A

C4

Thyroid cartilage

52
Q

4 branches of external carotid

A

Superior thyroid
Lingual
Facial
Maxillary

53
Q

Innervation of intrinsic muscles of larynx?

A

recurrent laryngeal (branch of vagus) apart from cricothyroid is ext. branch of superior laryngeal

54
Q

What does the internal laryngeal nerve supply?

A

Epiglottis, base of tongue, lining of larynx

55
Q

Course of left recurrent laryngeal?

A

Loops under aortic arch

56
Q

Symptoms of horners?

A

Ipisilateral ptosis, miosis and anhidrosis

57
Q

Which muscle is not working to cause ptosis in horners?

A

superior tarsal

58
Q

Which muscle changes the shape of the lens?

A

Ciliary

59
Q

Ciliary and iris sphincter muscles are both innervated via what?

A

Ciliary ganglion

60
Q

Difference between Horner’s and oculomotor palsy?

A

Horner’s = constricted pupil (no sympathetic innervation to dilate it), Oculomotor = dilated as no sphincter pupillae to constrict it

61
Q

Nerve to digastric?

A

Facial

62
Q

6 categories of consciousness

A

Coma, stupour, sopor, somnolence, alertness, hyperalertness

63
Q

Difference between coma and PVS?

A

In PVS more lower brain function- can track movement, sleep wake cycle or chronic wakefullness. May smile/cry/scream etc without stimulus

64
Q

5 exclusions from brain death

A 
Drug effects
Hyothermia
Metabolic abnormalities
Endocrine abnormalities
Intoxification
65
Q

Limbic lobe= ?+?

A

Parahippocampal gyrus and cingulate gyrus

66
Q

Cingulate gyrus contains?

A

Assoc fibres from frontal lobe, runs into parietal lobe then visual cortex and uncus, and takes this info to the hippocampus in the temporal lobe

67
Q

Limbic lobe involved in what sort of behaviour?

A

Learned programmed activities e.g. driving, using cutlery

68
Q

Uncus is primary projection area for?

A

Smell

69
Q

Agnosia is what

A

Disorder of understanding

70
Q

Apraxia is what

A

Inability to carry out purposeful movement even though can move

71
Q

2 general association cortices?

A 
Parieto-temporal (all different senses then cingulate gyrus so involved in memory)
Prefrontal cortex (mood and feelings, higher order cognitive functions - planning, judgement)
72
Q

Which side is linguistic function normally on?

A

Left/dominant hemisphere

AH extra cards (29 decks)

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