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AH extra cards > Balance, posture and vestibular system > Flashcards

Balance, posture and vestibular system Flashcards

1
Q

What are the otolith organs and where are they contained?

A

Utricle and saccule

In the vestibule

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2
Q

Vestibular nerve is comprised of? (3)

A

Utricular nerve
Saccular nerve
Ampullary nerve

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3
Q

what are the 6 degrees of freedom?

A

X,Y,Z

Roll, pitch, yaw

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4
Q

Translational motion and linear acceleration is detected by?

A

Utricle and saccule

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5
Q

Rotational motion and angular acceleration is detected by?

A

Semicircular canals

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6
Q

Maculae are made up of what 3 components?

A

Supporting cells
Hair cells
Otolithic membrane (CaCO3 crystals)

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7
Q

Hair cells are made of?

A

Single kinocilium and many stereocilia

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8
Q

Tilt of cilia to the left =?

A

Depolarisation/increased firing

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9
Q

Macula provides info about which 2 things?

A

Dynamic and static equilibrii

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10
Q

Macula in the utricle is (horizontal or vertical)?

A

Horizontal

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11
Q

Macula in the saccule is (horizontal or vertical)?

A

Vertical

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12
Q

Name the three semicircular canals

A

anterior
posterior
lateral

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13
Q

Main sensory structures of the SSCs are localised to what structure?

A

Ampulla

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14
Q

What is in the ampulla?

A

Cupula- gelatinous mass that the cilia of hair cells are embedded in

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15
Q

What is the effect of head rotation on the cupula?

A

Distorts it due to endolymph and activates the ampullary nerve. Depolarisation increases on one side and decreases on the other.

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16
Q

What direction does the cupula bend in relative to head rotation?

A

Opposite direction

17
Q

What are the pairs arrangement of the SSCs on each side?

A

L+R lateral together

L anterior with R posterior and vice versa

18
Q

Where does the sensory pathway go from the cupula?

A

Ampullary nerve –> Vestibular nerve –> CNVIII –> medial vestibular nucleus –> motor neurons of neck/trunk to orientate head and stabilise retinal image (vestibulo-ocular reflex)

19
Q

Where do afferents from the utricle and saccule go?

A

Ampullary nerve –> Vestibular nerve –> CNVIII –> lateral vestibular nucleus–> cerebellum and limb motor neurons to maintain upright body posture

AH extra cards (29 decks)

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