mouth to oesophagus

Question 1

what is the 5th cranial nerve?

Answer 1

trigeminal

Question 2

what is the 7th cranial nerve?

Answer 2

facial

Question 3

what is the 9th cranial nerve?

Answer 3

glossopharyngeal

Question 4

what is the 10th cranial nerve?

Answer 4

vagus

Question 5

what is the 12th cranial nerve?

Answer 5

hypoglossal

Question 6

what is the function of the lips?

Answer 6

control entry and exit to the mouth

Question 7

what is the function of the teeth?

Answer 7

break down food mechanically

Question 8

what is the function of the salivary glands?

Answer 8

chemically digest food

Question 9

what is the function of the tongue?

Answer 9

moves food to the back of the mouth

Question 10

what is the function of the soft palate?

Answer 10

elevates to prevent food passing into the nasal cavity

Question 11

what is the function of the tonsils?

Answer 11

immunological defence

Question 12

what is the main part of the mandible called?

Answer 12

the body

Question 13

what is the mandibular foramen?

Answer 13

where the nerve that supplies the teeth enters

Question 14

what is the orbicularis oris?

Answer 14

sphincter muscle which encircles mouth

Question 15

what is the buccinator?

Answer 15

muscle of facial expression which makes up the cheek

Question 16

what nerve innervates the muscles of facial expression?

Answer 16

7th

Question 17

where is the carotid gland found?

Answer 17

underneath the facial nerve

Question 18

what does the trigeminal nerve do?

Answer 18

provides sensory innervation to the entire face

Question 19

what are the divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 19

ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular

Question 20

what nerve innervates the teeth?

Answer 20

maxillary (V2) and mandibular (V3) branches of the trigeminal nerve

Question 21

what innervates the muscles of mastication?

Answer 21

mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

Question 22

what do the muscles of mastication do?

Answer 22

collectively move the mandible with respect to the facial skeleton

Question 23

what movements do the vertical and horizontal fibres of the temporalis muscle do?

Answer 23

Vertical fibres: Pull jaw upwards (elevation)

Horizontal fibres: Pull jaw backwards (retraction)

Question 24

what movements does the masseter muscle carry out?

Answer 24

elevation (and some protrusion due to angling)

Question 25

what movements does the lateral pterygoid carry out?

Answer 25

Depression and protrusion

Question 26

what movements does the medial pterygoid carry out?

Answer 26

elevation and protrusion

Question 27

name the 3 pairs of salivary glands

Answer 27

parotid submandibular sublingual

Question 28

what nerve innervates the parotid gland?

Answer 28

glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 29

what nerve innervates the sublingual and submandibular glands?

Answer 29

facial nerve

Question 30

how does the parotid gland drain?

Answer 30

via the parotid duct

Question 31

where does the parotid gland enter the mouth?

Answer 31

level of upper 2nd molar

Question 32

where do the sublingual and submandibular glands drain into the mouth?

Answer 32

either side of the frenulum of the tongue

Question 33

what are the two groups of skeletal muscle that make up the tongue called?

Answer 33

extrinsic and intrinsic

Question 34

what nerve does the tongue receive motor output from?

Answer 34

hypoglossal

Question 35

what is the special sensory nerve of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 35

facial nerve

Question 36

what is the special sensory nerve of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

Answer 36

glossopharyngeal

Question 37

what is the general sensory nerve of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 37

lingual nerve

Question 38

what is the special sensory nerve of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

Answer 38

glossopharyngeal

Question 39

what is the valuate papillae?

Answer 39

landmark that separates anterior and posterior parts of the tongue (V shaped line)

Question 40

what is the hard palate composed of?

Answer 40

maxilla and palatine bones

Question 41

what is the soft palate composed of?

Answer 41

muscles covered by a mucus membrane

Question 42

what is the function of the soft palate?

Answer 42

elevates during swallowing to prevent food entering the nasal cavity

Question 43

what nerve innervates the muscles of the soft palate?

Answer 43

the vagus

Question 44

what are the palatine tonsils?

Answer 44

collection of lymphoid tissue on each side of the oropharynx

Question 45

explain the series of events that occur when we swallow food

Answer 45

tongue pushes bolus of food to the back of the mouth Larynx pushes up/pulled upwards Epiglottis on the larynx closes Food goes posteriorly to oesophagus

Question 46

where does sensory innervation of the pharynx come from?

Answer 46

glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 47

what are the constrictor muscles innervated by?

Answer 47

vagus nerve

Question 48

what do the constrictor muscles do?

Answer 48

constrict the walls of the pharynx during swallowing

Question 49

what is the function of the stylopharyngeus?

Answer 49

elevates pharynx during swallowing

Question 50

what innervates the stylopharyngeus?

Answer 50

glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 51

what is the gag reflex?

Answer 51

• Response to touching the posterior pharyngeal wall

Question 52

how does the gag reflex physically occur?

Answer 52

Involves brisk and brief elevation of the soft palate and contraction of pharyngeal muscles

Question 53

what are the sensory and motor parts of the gag reflex?

Answer 53

sensory - glossopharyngeal | motor - vagus