imaging the bowel with endoscopy Flashcards
what are the problems with imaging the GI tract?
Only two orifices, long tube, not much light and has many bends
what are the types of endoscopy?
Upper GI endoscopy Enteroscopy Capsule endoscopy Double balloon endoscopy Colonoscopy
what are the goals of endoscopy?
diagnosis
therapy
surveillance
screening
what are the advantages of endoscopy?
Macroscopic real time view
Obtain histology
Visualise entire bowel
Therapeutics
what are the disadvantages?
Sedation (put to sleep)
Technically demanding
Complications
Limited to luminal views (except US).
what light properties are there to enhance detection/diagnostic?
narrow band imaging
autofluorescence
chromo-endomicroscopy
what is narrow band imaging?
light of specific blue and green wavelengths is used to enhance the detail of certain aspects of the surface of the mucosa
what is autofluorescence?
ability to rapidly examine a large surface area of gastrointestinal mucosa to detect small areas of dysplasia or cancer
what is chromo-endomicroscopy?
intra vital contrast, detect lesion with conventional endoscopy
what are reasons for enteroscopy?
Anaemia/bleeding Diarrhoea Abnormal x-ray Small bowel samples (taking a tissue). Therapy (to see effect of treatment
explain the qualities of the small bowel investigation?
Ideally a safe/minimally invasive
Examines the entire SB
Picks up flat lesions, does not require active bleeding However it cannot take up biopsies
what is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography?
a technique that combines the use of endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat certain problems of the biliary or pancreatic ductal system
when is a colonoscopy carried out?
in case of rectal bleeding, altered bowel habit, abdominal pain
