Mouth + oesophagus Flashcards
Which is more common acute or chronic oesophageal gastritis?
Chronic oesophageal gastritis
What are the 4 types of tasebuds and which has a sensory role?
Fungiform
Filiform - sensory only
Circumvallate
Folliate
What causes chronic oesophageal gastritis and how?
Obesity - increases intraabdominal pressure causing acid from the stomach to be pushed back up the oesophagus
What is Barretts oesophagus?
A change in the epithelium of the distal oesophagus due to acid reflux (can lead to malignancy however not always)
What type of immune cells is associated with allergic oesophagitis?
Eosinophils
What treatment is given for allergic oesophagitis?
Steroids/monteleukast/chromoglycate (similar process so similar treatment to asthma)
What type of oesophageal tumours are considered to be benign?
Squamous papillomas
What type of oesophageal tumours are malignant?
Squamous cell carcinoma,
Adenocarcinoma
What is a Mallory-Weiss tear?
A tear in the oesophagus due to repeated vomiting
What is the treatment for oral cancers and why is this possible?
Surgery - as can access the mouth without causing further damage
What are the muscles of chewing and which are responsible for opening/closing of the mouth?
Open: Temporalis, Massteter, Lateral pterygoid
Close: Medial pterygoid
Which muscle prevents drooling from the mouth?
Orbicularis oris
What are the salivary glands called (3) and where are they?
Parotid - near the ear
Submandibular - under mandible
Sublingual - under tongue
What are the main visible tonsils?
Palatine tonsils
What are the four pairs of extrinsic muscles of the tongue called (and which muscle supplies them)?
Hypoglossal nerve: Genioglossus, Styloglossus, Hyoglossus, Vagus nerve: Palatoglossus
