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Neuro 1 Exam 2 > Motor Tracts > Flashcards

Motor Tracts Flashcards

1
Q

What is pathway for corticospinal tract

A

Cells arise in cortex
descend through posterior limb of internal capsule
passes through cerebral peduncles, anterior pons, pyramids
fibers cross in pyramids of lower medulla
descends in lateral column of SC
synapses with LMNs in spinal cord

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2
Q

Where is the primary motor cortex located

A

precentral gyrus

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3
Q

What is the function of the medial corticospinal tract

A

controls postural and proximal movements

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4
Q

What is the difference between medial and lateral corticospinal tract

A

medial tract doesn’t have fibers crossing in the medulla

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5
Q

What CN are affected by the corticobulbar tract

A

CN V, VII, IX, X, XI, XII

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6
Q

What is the pathway of the corticobulbar tract

A

Cortex
descending through genu of internal capsule
cerebral peduncles, anterior pons, pyramids
crosses at pyramids
descends

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7
Q

Where do Medial LMN have a primary function

A

in axial muscles

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8
Q

Where do Lateral LMNs have a primary function

A

in limb muscles

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9
Q

Where do LMNs for extensor muscles lie in the SC

A

ventral

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10
Q

Where do LMNs for flexor muscles lie in the SC

A

dorsal

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11
Q

What are the medial UMN tracts

A

Tectospinal
medial reticulospinal
lateral and medial vestibulospinal

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12
Q

What are the lateral UMN tracts

A

rubrospinal

lateral reticulospinal

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13
Q

Function of Indirect pathways

A

tonically activate antigravity and axial LMNs

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14
Q

Function of lateral vestibulospinal

A

facilitation of extension against gravity

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15
Q

Function of medial vestibulospinal

A

coordination of head movements

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16
Q

function of medial reticulospoinal

A

facilitation of postural reflexes

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17
Q

Function of rubrospinal

A

innervate upper limb flexors

18
Q

Function of lateral reticulospinal

A

Facilitates flexor motor neurons and inhibits extensor motor neurons

19
Q

Where does tectospinal tract fibers go

A

to neck muscles from superior colliculus

20
Q

Function of tectospinal

A

coordination of head with eye movements

21
Q

Characteristics of LMN lesion

A 
flaccid paralysis
wasting/atrophy
hyporeflexia
hypotonia
fasciculation
22
Q

What causes UMN syndrome

A

loss of corticospinal tract and loss of indirect brainstem motor control pathways

23
Q

Characteristics of UMN lesion

A 
loss of distal extremity strength and dexterity
babinski sign
hypertonia
spasticity
hyperreflexia
clasp knife phenomenon
24
Q

What does rigidity suggest

A

basal ganglia disease

25
Q

What does spasticity suggest

A

UMN lesion

26
Q

Where are LMN lesions normally located

A

ipsilateral of lesion

27
Q

For UMNs, where are lesions located

A

above lower medulla: contralateral

below/in sc: ipsilateral

28
Q

What symptoms are associated with complete transection of the spinal cord

A 
all sensation 1/2 lesions below
bladder control lost
spinal shock (loss of reflexes)
UMN signs at levels below lesion
LMN signs at level of lesion
29
Q

Symptoms of hemisection of spinal cord

A

pain and temp loss from contralateral side
loss of discriminative touch/conscious proprioception on same side
LMN signs at level of lesion
UMN signs ipsilateral of lesion

30
Q

What is Brown Sequards syndrome

A

associated symptoms with hemisection of SC

31
Q

What is syringomyelia

A

Formation of cysts within spinal cord

32
Q

What are some symptoms of syringomyelia

A

Pain and temp affected, motor may also be lost .

Cape/shawl pattern

33
Q

What is the mechanism of injury to central cord syndrome

A

cervical hyperextension

34
Q

What is central seven palsy

A

lesion of corticobulbar tract involving the 7th CN.

35
Q

What does a lesion rostral to facial motor nucleus result in

A

dropping of muscles at the corner of the mouth

36
Q

What is ALS

A

destroys only somatic motor neurons

37
Q

What vascular structure is affected in Wallenberg sign

A

PICA

38
Q

What vascular structure is affected in Dejerine syndrome

A

Anterior spinal a.

39
Q

What does damage to spinal V nucleus and tract ddo

A

ipsilateral loss of pain and tempt to teh face

40
Q

What does inferior cerebellar peduncle damage do

A

ataxia, known as Wallenberg sign

Neuro 1 Exam 2 (13 decks)

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