Motor Speech Disorders

Question 1

________= a group of speech disorders associated with an impairment to motor speech control and execution processes resulting from damage to the PNS and/or CNS.

Answer 1

dysarthrias (pg. 300)

Question 2

___________= the inability to speak due to severe impairment to motor speech control and execution processes as a result of damage to the PNS/CNS.

Answer 2

anarthria/anarthric mutism (pg. 300)

Question 3

Onset of dysarthria

Answer 3

based on developmental delay or acquired at any point across lifespan (pg. 300)

Question 4

Neurological disease can impair the strength, speed, range, steadiness, tone, and/or accuracy of movements involving what systems?

Answer 4

the respiratory, phonatory, resonatory, and articulatory components of speech production. (pg. 300)

Question 5

What are some examples of childhood conditions that may lead to dsyarthria?

Answer 5

CP and muscular dystrophy (pg. 300)

Question 6

Besides the presence of impairment, dysarthria leads to limitations in _______ and restrictions in _______.

Answer 6

activity and participation (pg. 300)

Question 7

Participation restrictions are always related to speech activity limitations. T or F?

Answer 7

False; they are not always related.

There are also cognitive, linguistic and physical barriers associated with neurological disease. (pg. 300)

Question 8

Language and literacy are concern for children with MSD, especially if neurological disease occurs prior to speech and lang development. T or F?

Answer 8

True. (pg. 300)

Question 9

-breathy & harsh vocal quality
-mono-pitch
-hypernasality
-nasal emission
-audible inspiration
-mono-loudness
-short phrases
-imprecise consonants
What dysarthria type is this?

Answer 9

Flaccid Dysarthria (pg. 301)

Question 10

-breathy & harsh vocal quality
-low pitch/monopitch
-pitch breaks
-strained-strangled vocal quality
-hypernasality
-monoloudness
-short phrases
-distorted vowels
-imprecise consonants
-slow rate
-excess/equal/reduced stress
What dysarthria type is this?

Answer 10

Spastic dysarthria (pg. 301)

Question 11

-harsh vocal quality
-monopitch
-voice tremor
-excess loudness/monoloudness
-distorted vowels
-irregular artic breakdowns
-prolonged phonemes
-slow rate of speech
-excess and equal stress
-prolonged intervals
What dysarthria type is this?

Answer 11

ataxic dysarthria (pg. 301)

Question 12

-breathy/harsh vocal quality
-low pitch/monopitch
-monoloudness
-imprecise consonants
-repeated phonemes
-short rushes of speech
-variable rate of speech
-inappropriate silences
-overall increased rate of speech
-reduced stress
What dysarthria type is this?

Answer 12

hypokinetic dysarthria (pg. 301)

Question 13

-harsh/strained-strangled vocal quality
-monopitch
-transient breathy vocal quality
-vouice stoppages
-hypernasality
-excess loudness/monoloudness
-short phrases
-suddren forced inspiration
-distorted vowels
-imprecise consonants
-irregular artic breakdowns
-prolonged phonemes/intervals
-variable rate of speech
-excess/equal/reduced stress
-inappropriate silences
What dysarthria type is this?

Answer 13

hyperkinetic dysarthria (pg. 301)

Question 14

-harsh/hoarse vocal quality
-hypernasality
-nasal emission
-decreased loudness
-imprecise consonants
-irregular artic breakdowns
-slow rate of speech
What dysarthria type is this?

Answer 14

unilateral upper motor neuron (UUMN) Dysarthria (pg. 301)

Question 15

_______= neurogenic speech disorder associated with impairment to motor planning and or programming.

Answer 15

apraxia of speech (pg. 301)

Question 16

Apraxia of speech is often the result of a lesion to the ______ or ______ lobe of the left cerebral hemisphere.

Answer 16

frontal or parietal (pg. 301)

Question 17

Apraxia of speech does not present with difficulty with sequential movements for volitional speaking tasks. T or F?

Answer 17

False; there is difficulty with volitional speaking tasks. (pg. 301)

Question 18

Patients with apraxia of speech exhibit deficits in what?

Answer 18

articulation, rate and prosody. (pg. 301)

Question 19

total inability to speak :_______ :: few inconsistent articulation errors: ________

Answer 19

severe AOS
mild AOS
(pg. 301)

Question 20

What makes it difficult to isolate features unique to AOS?

Answer 20

the fact that aphasia often co-occurs with AOS (pg. 301)

Question 21

____________ = a neurological childhood speech sound disorder in which the precision and consistency of movements underlying speech are impaired in the absence of neuromuscular deficits.

Answer 21

childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) (pg. 302)

Question 22

CAS most often occurs as a ___________ onset, but it can also be acquired.

Answer 22

congenital/development (pg. 302)

Question 23

What are the deficit areas of CAS?

Answer 23

1. nonspeech motor behaviors
2. motor speech behaviors
3. speech sounds and structures
4. prosody
5. language
6. metalinguistic/phonemic awareness
7. literacy (pg. 302)