Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
label for multiple cells that play a supportive (yet critical) role in neuron function
Glia cells (pg. 9)
One of the most important functions of the glial cells is the formation of _______ on axons
myelin sheaths (pg.9)
what provides electrical insulation and thereby increases the speech of APs
myelin sheaths (pg.9)
Action potentials are _______ events
all or nothing (pg.10)
The brain and spinal cord are referred to as the ______
Centreal nervous system (CNS) (pg.12)
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) communicates with the ____
CNS (pg.12)
True/False: If a CNS neuron is injured it is likely that it will regenerate
False: CNS neurons have little regenerative capabilities due to their tendency to retract their processes and/or die after injury (pg.12)
True/False: PNS neurons tend to regenerate
True (pg. 12)
PNS can be divided into the ________ NS and the ______NS
somatic; autonomic (pg.12)
the _____NS supports sensation and motor function. Movements that are consciously perceived and volitionally controled
Somatic (pg.12)
the _____NS supports functions that are mostly below conscious awareness
Autonomic (pg.12)
How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?
12 (pg. 13)
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31 (pg. 13)
afferent nerves are sensory or motor?
sensory (pg.14)
efferent nerves are sensory or motor?
motor (pg.14)
the CNS is covered by 3 layers of protective membranes called the meninges. These layers are….
- Pia
2.arachnoid
3.dura
(PAD)
pg. 14
The thin fibrous sheet that tightly adheres to the surface of the brain and spinal cord
pia mater (pg. 14)
spider weblike mesh of fibers providing a region through which cerebral spinal fluid can flow
arachnoid mater (pg.15)
the tough durable sac made of dense fibrous tissue that surround the entire brain and spinal cord
Dura mater (pg.15)
______ is clear fluid created in the ventricular system
Cerebral spinal fluid (pg.16)
If the flow of CSF through the ventricular system is blocked, it causes elevated CSF pressure. This is known as ….
hydrocephalus (pg. 16)
there are how many ventricles in the brain?
4 (pg. 16)
- the right and left lateral ventricles
- the third ventricle on the midline of the brain
- the fourth ventricle at the base of the cerebellum
fibers within the cerebral hemisphere that form short connections between adjacent gyri or longer connection between lobes
association fibers (pg. 17)
transverse fibers that connect the two hemispheres of the brain
commissural fibers (pg. 17)