Motivation & emotion Flashcards
Evolutionary motivation
motivation based on instincts: biological patterns of behavior that are universal to species
Drive reduction theory
human motivation is rooted in biological needs that motivate behavior- the need for homeostasis
Arousal theory (yerkes-dodson law)
we act in ways that increase rather than reduce a drive (“drive” being the drive for arousal in this case)- we seek an optimal level of arousal
Incentive theory
people are motivated by a drive for incentives/reinforcement (environmental factors for motivation)
Maslows hierarchy of needs
A pyramid ranking different types of needs everyone has- includes self fulfillment needs at the top, then psychological needs, then basic needs.
avoidance avoidance conflict
two conflicting negative outcomes- end up picking the lesser of two evils
approach approach conflict
being pulled between two desirable outcomes
approach avoidance conflict
pulled toward a positive outcome that has a negative outcome associated
cognitive dissonance
the feeling of discomfort one gets when a behavior of theirs does not align with their personal beliefs (smoking even though you know its bad for you)
plutchiks 8 emotion wheel
8 basic emotion petals increasing in intensity the closer it gets to the center. the emotions include joy, trust, fear, surprise, sadness, anticipation, anger, disgust
james lange theory
states that physiology is first in a reaction as opposed to cognition
perceived stimulus - physiological response - experienced emotion
cannon bard theory
states physiological response and cognition happen simultaneously
perceived stimulus - experienced emotion & physiological response
polygraph
arousal detectors, not lie detectors
schachter singer theory
cognition and bodily response cause the emotion
stimulus - 1. Bodily arousal - 2. cognitive interpretation - emotion
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