Motivation and Emotion Flashcards
primary drives
biological needs, such as hunger or thirst
drive reduction theory
behavior is motivated by biological or survival needs. Our body seeks homeostasis, and if not fulfilled it creates primary and secondary drives.
secondary drives
learned drives that can get us to satisfy our primary drives. For example, we learn that resources like money can get us food and water.
arousal theory
we seek an optimal level of excitement or arousal. However, everyone has different levels of arousal. For example, someone with a high optimum level are drawn to high-excitement behaviors
Yerkes-Dodson Law
the relationship between preforming well on an easy task with a very high level of arousal
opponent-process theory of motivation
explains addictive behaviors because we may preform an act that moves us from the baseline, which is a state that normal people are usually at. At first, these acts will be pleasurable, but them we feel an opponent process, which is a motivation to return to our baseline.
incentive theory
examines how we learn to associate learned stimuli with rewards and punishment. We are motivated to seek the rewards.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
(from ascending order)
- Physiological Needs
- Safety Needs
- Belongingness and Love Needs
- Esteem Needs
- Self Actualization
self-actualization
need to fulfill our unique potential as a person
What part of the brain is associated with the feeling of hunger?
the lateral hypothalamus, which is the hunger center when stimulated causes one to eat.
What part of the brain tells us to stop eating?
the ventromedial hypothalamus
set-point theory
describes how the hypothalamus might decide what impulse to send. The hypothalamus wants to maintain a certain optimum body weight, and if is below it will tell us to eat and vice versa.
external food cues
attractiveness or availability of food
internal food cues
response to hunger inside your body
bulimia
binging on food and purging it by vomiting, excess exercise, or use of laxatives