Mood and Affect

Question 1

pervasive and sustained emotion that may have a major influence on a person’s perception of the world, i.e. The way someone feels!

Answer 1

Mood

Question 2

alteration in mood that is expressed by feelings of elation, inflated self-esteem, grandiosity, hyperactivity, agitation, and accelerated thinking and speaking.

Answer 2

Mania

Question 3

Despairing, reports overwhelming feeling of sadness. Reports loss of interest in regular activities.

Answer 3

Depression

Question 4

Easily annoyed and provoked to anger.

Answer 4

Irritability

Question 5

Demonstrates or verbalizes feeling of apprehension

Answer 5

Anxious

Question 6

Expresses feelings of joy and intense pleasure, is intensely optimistic.

Answer 6

Elated

Question 7

Demonstrates a heightened sense of elation. Expresses feelings of grandeur (“Everything is wonderful!”).

Answer 7

Eurphoric

Question 8

Demonstrates or verbalizes feeling of apprehension associated with real or perceived danger.

Answer 8

Fearful

Question 9

Expresses a feeling of discomfort associated with real or perceived wrongdoing. Expresses associated feelings of sadness and despair.

Answer 9

Guilty

Question 10

Characterized by mood swings from profound depression to extreme euphoria (mania), with intervening periods of normalcy. Mood cycles happen gradually. Episodes can last for 3-6 months.

Answer 10

Bipolar Disorder

Question 11

Chronic mood disturbance (never without symptoms)

At least 2-year duration

Numerous episodes of hypomania and depressed mood of insufficient severity to meet the criteria for either bipolar 1 or 2 disorder

Answer 11

Cyclothmic Disorder

Question 12

Patient has episodes of MANIA and depression.

The client has at least one episode of mania alternating with major depression.

Answer 12

Bipolar 1

Question 13

Patient has episodes of HYPOMANIA and depression.

The client has one or more hypomanic episodes alternating with major depressive episodes.

Answer 13

Bipolar 2

Question 14

Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
Decreased need for sleep
More talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking
Flight of ideas or subjective experience of racing thoughts
Distractible
Increase goal-directed activity
Excessive involvement in high-risk activities
***Lasts over a week

Answer 14

Characteristics of Mania

Question 15

Labile and irritable if wishes and desires go unfulfilled.
Easily distracted by irrelevant stimuli
Goal-directed activities are difficult.
Increased libido.
Sociable but unable to form close friendships (lack depth).
Increased self-exaltation (slightly grandiose)
***Lasts less than 3 days

Answer 15

Characteristics of Hypomania

Question 16

What are the Nurse’s role to caring for someone with Bipolar Disorder?

Answer 16

Prevent client self-harm.  
Decrease client’s physical activity.  
Ensure adequate fluid and food intake. 
Promote an adequate amount of sleep each night.  
Assist the client with self-care needs. 
Manage medication appropriately.

Question 17

Symptoms of Depressions include

Answer 17

diminished interest or pleasure,  
significant weight loss, 
insomnia or hypersomnia, 
fatigue, 
recurrent thoughts of death, 
diminished ability to think or concentrate and delayed responses.

Question 18

What are some depressive episodes?

Answer 18

Self-destructive behavior, including suicidal ideation

Decrease in personal hygiene

Loss or increase in appetite and/or sleep, disturbed sleep

Loss of pleasure/lack of interest in activities, hobbies, sexual activity

Difficulty concentrating, focusing, problem‑solving

Question 19

What are some manic episodes?

Answer 19

Neglect of ADLs, including nutrition and hydration. Decreased sleep

Restlessness, agitation and irritability Dislike of interference and intolerance of criticism.

Flight of ideas: rapid, continuous speech with sudden and frequent topic change. Increase in talking and activity

Grandiose view of self and abilities (grandiosity). Can be delusional.

Question 20

Emotional reaction associated with an experience. Affect describes the behavior associated with an individual’s feeling state or emotional tone.

the observable response a person has to his or her own feelings!

Answer 20

Affect

Question 21

A nurse has a prescription for fluoxetine. What instructions should the nurse include?

Answer 21

Let the provider know if you have persistent headaches

Question 22

A nurse is caring for a patient who takes lithium for bipolar disorder. What tests should be done periodically?

Answer 22

Thyroid test

Question 23

A nurse is caring for a patient who takes lithuim for bipolar disorder. What are some indications for lithuim toxicity?

Answer 23

Tremors
Confusion
Nausea
Muscle Weakness

Question 24

Reviewing the indications of antidepressants, a nurse idenitfies bupropion hydrochloride for patients who has

Answer 24

Seasonal Affective Disorder
Nicotine Addiction
Depression

Question 25

A nurse is treating major depressive disorder by using amitriptyline therapy. What instructions should the nurse include?

Answer 25

Change positions from lying to sitting to standing slowly
Don’t stop the drug abruptly
Take drug at bedtime to prevent daytime drowiness
Increase fiber intake

Question 26

A nurse is caring for a patient with a head injury. The nurse notices the patient has an existing prescription for buporpion. What adverse effect does this have on the patient?

Answer 26

Seziure Activity

Question 27

Orthostatic hypertension is a common adverse effect in what drug?

Answer 27

Impramine