Mood and Affect Flashcards
pervasive and sustained emotion that may have a major influence on a person’s perception of the world, i.e. The way someone feels!
Mood
alteration in mood that is expressed by feelings of elation, inflated self-esteem, grandiosity, hyperactivity, agitation, and accelerated thinking and speaking.
Mania
Despairing, reports overwhelming feeling of sadness. Reports loss of interest in regular activities.
Depression
Easily annoyed and provoked to anger.
Irritability
Demonstrates or verbalizes feeling of apprehension
Anxious
Expresses feelings of joy and intense pleasure, is intensely optimistic.
Elated
Demonstrates a heightened sense of elation. Expresses feelings of grandeur (“Everything is wonderful!”).
Eurphoric
Demonstrates or verbalizes feeling of apprehension associated with real or perceived danger.
Fearful
Expresses a feeling of discomfort associated with real or perceived wrongdoing. Expresses associated feelings of sadness and despair.
Guilty
Characterized by mood swings from profound depression to extreme euphoria (mania), with intervening periods of normalcy. Mood cycles happen gradually. Episodes can last for 3-6 months.
Bipolar Disorder
Chronic mood disturbance (never without symptoms)
At least 2-year duration
Numerous episodes of hypomania and depressed mood of insufficient severity to meet the criteria for either bipolar 1 or 2 disorder
Cyclothmic Disorder
Patient has episodes of MANIA and depression.
The client has at least one episode of mania alternating with major depression.
Bipolar 1
Patient has episodes of HYPOMANIA and depression.
The client has one or more hypomanic episodes alternating with major depressive episodes.
Bipolar 2
Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
Decreased need for sleep
More talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking
Flight of ideas or subjective experience of racing thoughts
Distractible
Increase goal-directed activity
Excessive involvement in high-risk activities
***Lasts over a week
Characteristics of Mania
Labile and irritable if wishes and desires go unfulfilled.
Easily distracted by irrelevant stimuli
Goal-directed activities are difficult.
Increased libido.
Sociable but unable to form close friendships (lack depth).
Increased self-exaltation (slightly grandiose)
***Lasts less than 3 days
Characteristics of Hypomania
What are the Nurse’s role to caring for someone with Bipolar Disorder?
Prevent client self-harm. Decrease client’s physical activity. Ensure adequate fluid and food intake. Promote an adequate amount of sleep each night. Assist the client with self-care needs. Manage medication appropriately.
Symptoms of Depressions include
diminished interest or pleasure, significant weight loss, insomnia or hypersomnia, fatigue, recurrent thoughts of death, diminished ability to think or concentrate and delayed responses.
What are some depressive episodes?
Self-destructive behavior, including suicidal ideation
Decrease in personal hygiene
Loss or increase in appetite and/or sleep, disturbed sleep
Loss of pleasure/lack of interest in activities, hobbies, sexual activity
Difficulty concentrating, focusing, problem‑solving
What are some manic episodes?
Neglect of ADLs, including nutrition and hydration. Decreased sleep
Restlessness, agitation and irritability Dislike of interference and intolerance of criticism.
Flight of ideas: rapid, continuous speech with sudden and frequent topic change. Increase in talking and activity
Grandiose view of self and abilities (grandiosity). Can be delusional.
Emotional reaction associated with an experience. Affect describes the behavior associated with an individual’s feeling state or emotional tone.
the observable response a person has to his or her own feelings!
Affect
A nurse has a prescription for fluoxetine. What instructions should the nurse include?
Let the provider know if you have persistent headaches
A nurse is caring for a patient who takes lithium for bipolar disorder. What tests should be done periodically?
Thyroid test
A nurse is caring for a patient who takes lithuim for bipolar disorder. What are some indications for lithuim toxicity?
Tremors
Confusion
Nausea
Muscle Weakness
Reviewing the indications of antidepressants, a nurse idenitfies bupropion hydrochloride for patients who has
Seasonal Affective Disorder
Nicotine Addiction
Depression
A nurse is treating major depressive disorder by using amitriptyline therapy. What instructions should the nurse include?
Change positions from lying to sitting to standing slowly
Don’t stop the drug abruptly
Take drug at bedtime to prevent daytime drowiness
Increase fiber intake
A nurse is caring for a patient with a head injury. The nurse notices the patient has an existing prescription for buporpion. What adverse effect does this have on the patient?
Seziure Activity
Orthostatic hypertension is a common adverse effect in what drug?
Impramine
