Infection Flashcards
What are the 6 modes of entry for an infection to occur?
- pathogen
- susceptible host
- reservoir
- portal of exit (from the reservoir)
- mode of transmission
- portal of entry
door handles, stagnant water, and healthcare equipment are considered examples of
Reservior
urine, feces, saliva, blood, broken skin, intimate sexual contact, mouth, or contaminated food or water are all considered examples of
Portals of entry
The 1st stage of infection, no symptoms are yet shown and period in which it lasts differs person to person
Incubation
The 2nd stage of infection, symptoms may include fever, loss of appetite, aches, etc.
Prodromal
The 3rd stage of infection, specific symptoms begin to appear. Example, flu symptoms i.e. persistent cough, runny nose, sneezing, sore throat
Illness
The 4th stage of infection, symptoms begin to subside
Decline
The 5th stage of infection, all symptoms disappear and body returns to normal
Convalescence
What are the Standard Precautions?
Wash Hands
Gloves when touching blood, body fluids, etc.
Surgical Masks with every encounter with a client
Eyewear or face shield
What are the Isolation Precautions?
Gown when performing tasks when splashes suspected
Equipment properly cleaned & reprocessed, single-use items are discarded
Private room should be used, but may cohort some infections with each other
Patient with VRE or C. Diff infections, what precautions should you take as the nurse?
Contact
What PPE should you wear for someone with droplet precautions?
Mask and gloves
What subjective data can you ask for a UTI?
Urine color, history of UTI, burning, frequency, presence of blood in urine, sediment, odor with urine, and history of kidney, renal, and genital health issues, nocturia and incomplete bladder emptying
What are the nurse interventions of treating a UTI?
Monitor vital signs for infection
Assess/palpate the bladder
Assess hydration status and encourage increased fluids
Administer medications to treat
