monoterpenoids

Question 1

monoterpenoids have _____(#) of isoprene units

Answer 1

2

Question 2

via ______ to ________ condensaiton of ______ + _______ yields C_____ (#) GPP

Answer 2

tail to head
DMAPP + IPP
C10

Question 3

C10 GPP is the source of _____________-

Answer 3

monoterpenoids

Question 4

monoterpenoids divided into 5 groups:

Answer 4

acyclics
monocyclics
bicyclics
iridoids
irregular/mixed

Question 5

monoterpenoids economic importance

Answer 5

flavours, perfumes, solvents

Question 6

monoterpenoids functions in plants:

Answer 6

competition with other plants (herbicides)
insect attractants and repellants
insect pheromones

Question 7

physical characteristics of monoterpenoids

Answer 7

colourless (usually), lipid soluble, volatile, fragrant, easily separated by chromatography

Question 8

difficulty extracting MT because they’re…

Answer 8

volatile

Question 9

acyclic MT are from ____ + ____

Answer 9

IPP + DMAPP

Question 10

examples of acyclic MT’s

Answer 10

aldehydes, citral, nerol

Question 11

nerol is an _______ MT (class) and found in ___________

Answer 11

acyclic MT
orange blossum

Question 12

aldehydes are ________ MT (class) and with a strong lemon scent. they are found in ______ and _______ oils

Answer 12

acyclic
rose and lemongrass

Question 13

cyclicization of MT’s via __________

Answer 13

resonance

Question 14

basis of monocyclic MT’s/skeleton:

Answer 14

1-methyl-4-isopropyl cyclohexane

Question 15

cyclic MT’s derived from _________

Answer 15

Neryl-PP (neryl diphosphate)

Question 16

most monocyclic MT’s have a _____-______ skeleton

Answer 16

para-methane

Question 17

NPP folded such that cyclicization favored final products from ___________ and ______________

Answer 17

modification
adding functional groups

Question 18

examples of monocyclic mono-terpenoids (x2)

Answer 18

limonene, thymol

Question 19

limonene is a _________ MT. (class)
has a _______ bond.
in ________ oils.

Answer 19

monocyclic
double bond
citrus oils

Question 20

thymol is a _________ MT (class)
is a _________ with a ________ functional group
source: __________
effect on animals: __________
effect in plants: __________

Answer 20

monocyclic
phenol with a alcohol FG
thyme
midly toxic
fungicide

Question 21

some bicyclic MTs are derived from

Answer 21

limonene

Question 22

___-pinene is more favorable structure
___-pinene is less favorable structure

Answer 22

alpha
beta

Question 23

common bicyclic MT is alpha-pinene. found in many _______ tree species

Answer 23

pine

Question 24

camphor is a __________ MT (class)
source:
makes:
used in:
commercially derived from:

Answer 24

bicyclic
camphor tree
plastics
explosives, antiseptics
pinene

Question 25

cineole is a ________ MT (class) seen in ________ oil used to treat:

Answer 25

bicyclic eucalyptus respiratory diseases

Question 26

ascaridole is a ___________ MT (class) used by humans as a _______ to expel _______ used by plants as a natural _________

Answer 26

bicyclic laxitive, intestine worms insecticide

Question 27

synthesis of alpha/beta-pinene (bicyclic) MT's: ________ -> _________ -> __________ it has a _________ intermediate

Answer 27

NPP (acyclic) -> mono -> bicyclic carbocation

Question 28

the carbocation of forming the pinene is, __________, __________

Answer 28

short lived, stabilized by enzymse

Question 29

forming pinene uses a carbocation. transition state intermediates aren't proven because the enzymes are ____________

Answer 29

very low concentration, so it's hard to tell

Question 30

iridoids have a __(#)___-member _________ ring fuzed to a ____________

Answer 30

6 lactose 5-membered ring

Question 31

iridoids found in _____-

Answer 31

ants

Question 32

iridoids derived from ______ ______ soluble plants make it for _________ against _________ progenitor of iridane family:

Answer 32

NPP water soluble protection against disease and insects Loganin

Question 33

secioridoids structure: ___-member _____ ring attached to a ___-member ______ ring

Answer 33

6, lactose 6, lactose

Question 34

which two MT's have similar properties? and what are the properties

Answer 34

iridoids and secoiridoids insecticide

Question 35

secoiridoids found in

Answer 35

ginger root

Question 36

irregular and mixed MT group have _________ distribution

Answer 36

restricted

Question 37

2 examples of irregular and mixed

Answer 37

camphene and pyrethrins

Question 38

camphene looks bicyclic MT but not from _______. instead it has a ___________ skeleton that comes from linkage of _____ ________

Answer 38

NPP lavandul skeleton x2 DMAPPs note: the cyclic (a, mono, bi) come from IPP + DMAPP

Question 39

pyrethrins is in the catagory of

Answer 39

mixed MT's

Question 40

pyrethrins are from __________________ _________ to fish and insects _________ to plants and mammals used as an insecticide but not near a _________

Answer 40

chrysanthemum flowers toxic non-toxic water source

Question 41

pyrethrins used to treat

Answer 41

fish parasites