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BIO 202 > Molluscs and Annelids > Flashcards

Molluscs and Annelids Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is the Phylum Mollusca very morphologically diverse?

A

No constraint of body plan

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2
Q

Does Phylum Mollusca have a true coelem?

A

Yes

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3
Q

What organ systems does phylum mollusca have?

A

Gill, heart, kidneys

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4
Q

How does the external shell form on phylum mollusca?

A

The mantle secretes the external shell

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5
Q

What is the rasping tongue used for grazing in phylum mollusca?

A

The Radula

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6
Q

What does the diversity of phylum Mollusca reflect?

A

It reflects the various feeding strategies of the Phylum

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7
Q

What kind of embryological development does Phylum Mollusca experience?

A

Sprial mosaic/determinate cleavage

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8
Q

What group is Phylum Mollusca a part of?

A

Lophotrochozoan Protostomes

  • Lophophore: feeding tentacle
  • Trochophore larva: Have band of hair growing around widest part
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9
Q

What are the characteristics of the Mollusca body plan?

A
  • Large Foot
  • Radula
  • Heart
  • Open blood vascular system (hemocoel)
  • Gills
  • Coelem reduced to pericardium
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10
Q

What are the characteristics of the Mollusca digestive system?

A

Break-down food for delivery to bloodstream and cells

  • Digestive gland: breaks down the food molecules
  • Radula
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11
Q

What is the function of the Mollusca Circulatory system?

A

Move blood around body to deliver O2/soup molecules and remove CO2 and N waste.

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12
Q

What is the Mollusca Hemocoel? What system is it a part of?

A

(NOT coelom) where organs are and blood is not in vessels
-space where blood is dumped

Part of Circulatory system

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13
Q

What is the Mollusca 3-Chambered Heart? What system is it a part of?

A

Sucks blood from gill and pushes to body
-pushes especially to the nervous system

Part of Circulatory system

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14
Q

What is the Mollusca Pericardium? What system is it a part of?

A

Coelomic space around heart

Part of Circulatory system and excretory system

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15
Q

What is the function of the Mollusca Excratory system?

A

Removes nitrogenous wastes and excess water from body

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16
Q

What is the Mollusca Kidneys? What system is it a part of?

A

Uses pressure of beating heart against the pericardium to remove excess water and nitrogenous wastes

Excretory System

17
Q

What is the function of the Mollusca Respiratory system?

A

Provides a surface for rapid exchange of gases between the blood supply and surrounding water
-O2 in and CO2 out

18
Q

What is the Mollusca Gills? What system is it a part of?

A

Cilia move and suck in water across gills (opposite direction of blood flow - countercurrent exchange)

  • epithilieal layer of gills diffuse O2 out of the H2O
  • blood circulates inside of gills and absorbs O2 to be transported to rest of body

Respiratory System

19
Q

What is the function of the Mollusca Nervous system?

A

Controls muscles and coordinates movement with sensory input

20
Q

What is the Molluscan shell made of?

A

Mostly CaCO3

-some collagen

21
Q

How do Molluscs reproduce?

A

Mostly Dioecious, some hermaphrodites

  • External fertilization: trocophore larva to veliger larva
  • Direct Development: develop in egg then hatch
22
Q

What is the least derived (most close to ancestor) class of Mollusca?

A

Gastropoda (stomach foot) - the grazers

  • Radula
  • Foot
  • Gill
  • Shell
23
Q

What is the 2nd least/most derived (most close to ancestor) class of Mollusca?

A

Bivalvia - filter feeders

  • No radula, eyes or head
  • Foot for burrowing or byssus thread to attach to rock
  • Large Gills
  • Shell completely surrounds body
24
Q

What is the most derived (most close to ancestor) class of Mollusca?

A

Cephalopoda - predators

  • beak replaced radula
  • Foot became funnel to direct water
  • Gills
  • Mantle became tentacles
  • Closed blood system
  • shell lost or modified for buoyancy
25
Q

Why is the Phylum Annelida not morphologically diverse?

A

Constrained body plan due to hydrostatic skeleton

26
Q

What group do Phylum Annelida belong to?

A

Lophotrochozoan protostomes

27
Q

Where do Phylum Annelida get their names from?

A

“segmented worms”

-metameric segments

28
Q

What kind of skeleton do phylum annelida have?

A

hydrostatic skeleton from spetate coelomic cavities

29
Q

How do phylum annelida move?

A

Bristles (chaete or setae) used to move or burrow

30
Q

Metamerism, or segmentation, results from what?

A

Trochophore larva grows from the pygidium by metamere addition

31
Q

Describe the body plan of Phylum Annelida. What is the result?

A
  • Cuticle around body
  • Septa separate each coelomic cavity
  • Hydrostatic skeleton
  • Mesentaries split each Coelem in two and hold gut

Results in the ability to control each segment differently

32
Q

What are the characteristics of the Annelida Nervous System?

A

Ventral nerve cord has a paired ganglia in each segment

-controls the contraction of the muscle groups (circular and longitudinal muscles)

33
Q

What are the characteristics of the Annelida Excretory System?

A

Pair of metanephridia per segment uses blood supply and pressure to eliminate water and nitrogenous waste

34
Q

What is unique about Class Polychaetes (phylum annelida)?

A

Parapodia
-Paired outgrowths of body wall

Can also be tube dwelling filter feeders

Hydrothermal vent worms have remnants of gut called trophosome filled with bacteria
-Chemoautotrophs

35
Q

What is Clade Clitellata in Phylum Annelida?

A

Have a Clitellum

  • band of secretory cells
  • Class Oligochaeta and Hirudinea

BIO 202 (21 decks)

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