Molecules of Life Flashcards
what does protein from food help with?
It helps build and repair tissues, fight disease, catalyze chemical reactions, and serves as transporters and regulators
polymers
composed of smaller subunits called monomers that are held together by covalent bonds
How are carbohydrates made for plants?
During photosynthesis molecules in plant cells use energy from the sun and enzymes in the plant. That rearranges those molecules in creating sugar and during the reaction every carbon dioxide yields an oxygen molecule
why is sugar and starches called carbohydrates?
they are made of carbon and water
glucose molecules are…
absorbed during digestion and end up in the blood
DNA and RNA
nucleic acid polymers that are made up of nucleotide monomers
-ase
indicating an enzyme
-ose
indicating a suagr
Lipids
function to form membranes in cells to provide energy storage to serve as hormones and vitamins
Fatty acids
common monomers of lipids; can be covered in hydrogen atoms or have some double-bonds and still have space available for hydrogen atoms to bond
what is the importance of lipid-soluble molecules, such as hormones, vitamins, and medications?
They activate specific metabolic processes within the cell after they pass through the cell membrane phospholipid bilayer
Ribosome
creates polypeptide during protein synthesis
what are amino acids made up of?
they are made up of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen
nucleic acids
made of nucleotides which are created from nitrogenous bases
