Molecular Biology 1 Flashcards
what are nucleotides?
monomeric units from which nucleic acids are build
what are nucleotides composed of
base + sugar + phosphate
what are the two nucleic acids
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)
what are the functions of nucleic acids
direct synthesis of proteins and transmit genetic information
what are nucleosides made of
base and sugar
what are the two types of nucleoside
ribonucleoside and deoxyribonucleoside
what is ATP and where is it produced
main biological energy store and is produced in mitochondrion
what are cyclic AMPs
second messengers in action of many hormones
how does cAMP act as a second messenger
1 - hormone binds to receptor in plasma membrane of cell. 2 - adenyl cyclase stimulated. 3 - increased adenyl cyclase activity leads to increased cAMP inside cell. 4 - cAMP acts inside cell to alter rate of one or more processes
