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MY psych cards > Modules 4&5 Neuroscience And Behavior > Flashcards

Modules 4&5 Neuroscience And Behavior Flashcards

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1
Q

The cells life support center

A

Cell body

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2
Q

Receive messages from other cells

A

Dendrites

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3
Q

Passes messages away from

The cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands

A

Axon

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4
Q

Electrical signal traveling down the axon

A

Neural impulse

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5
Q

Form junctions with other cells

A

Terminal branches of axon

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6
Q

Covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses

A

Myelin sheath

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7
Q

Space between neurons

A

Synapse

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8
Q

Electrical charge that travels down axon

A

Action potential

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9
Q

Either the neuron fires or it doesn’t, there’s no in between

A

All-or-nothing principle

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10
Q

Right before all-or-nothing principle

A

Threshold

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11
Q

Chemical messengers released by terminal buttons through the synapse

A

Neurotransmitters

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12
Q

Function is motor movement and memory

A

Acetylcholine

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13
Q

Lack of ACH is linked to what?

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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14
Q

Motor movement and alertness

A

Dopamine

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15
Q

Lack of dopamine is associated with?

A

Parkinson’s disease

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16
Q

Over abundance of dopamine is associated with?

A

Schizophrenia

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17
Q

Mood control

A

Serotonin

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18
Q

Lack of serotonin is linked with?

A

Depression

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19
Q

Pain control

A

Endorphins

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20
Q

Alertness

A

Norepinephrine

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21
Q

Inhibitor (lack of it causes seizures and insomnia)

A

GABA

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22
Q

Excitor (overstimulation of brain causes seizures or migraines)

A

Glutimate

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23
Q

Molecule that excites/mimics neurotransmitter

A

Agonist

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24
Q

Molecule that inhibits/blocks neurotransmitter

A

Antagonist

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25
Q

Takes information from the senses to the brain

A

Sensory neurons (afferent neurons)

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26
Q

Takes information from brain to the rest of the body

A

Motor neurons(efferent neurons)

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27
Q

Takes messages from sensory neurons to other parts of the brain or to motor neurons

A

Intern neurons

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28
Q

Fight or flight response

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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29
Q

System of glands that secrete hormones (they work slower)

A

Endocrine system

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30
Q

Controls the pituitary gland

A

Hypothalamus

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31
Q

Affects metabolism among other things

A

Thyroid gland

32
Q

Secrets male sex hormones

A

Testies

33
Q

Secretes many different hormones, some of which affect other glands

A

Pituitary gland

34
Q

Helps regulate the level of calcium in the blood

A

Parathyroids

35
Q

Inner part called the medulla, helps trigger the fight or flight response

A

Adrenal gland

36
Q

Regulates blood sugar levels

A

Pancreas

37
Q

Secrets female sex hormones

A

Ovaries

38
Q

Phineas gage story shows us?

A

That accidents can help psychological development

39
Q

Removal or destruction of some part of the brain

A

Lesions

40
Q

Detects brain waves through their electrical output

A

EEG(electroencephalogram)

41
Q

Good for locating tumor cells, but tells us nothing about function

A

CAT scan

42
Q

More detailed picture of the brain using magnetic field to knock electrons off axis

A

MRI

43
Q

Measures how much of a chemical the brain is using

A

PET scan

44
Q

Made up of densely packed neurons we call “gray matter”

A

Cerebral cortex

45
Q

Wrinkles in the cerebral cortex are?

A

Fissures

46
Q

lobe in the front

A

frontal lobe

47
Q

lobe in the middle/top

A

parietal lobe

48
Q

lobe in the back

A

occipital lobe

49
Q

lobe on the side near the ear

A

temoral lobe

50
Q

abstract though and controls emotions

A

frontal lobe

51
Q

controls broca’s area

A

fronal lobe

52
Q

controls muscle movements

A

frontal lobe

53
Q

receives incoming touch sensations

A

parietal lobe

54
Q

interprets messages from our eyes

A

occipital lobes

55
Q

interprets written and spoken speech

A

temporal lobe

56
Q

contains wernike’s area

A

temporal lobe

57
Q

word is pronounced

A

motor cortex

58
Q

controls speech muscles

A

broca’s area

59
Q

transforms visual representations into an auditory code

A

angular gyrus

60
Q

receives written words as visual stimulation

A

visual cortex

61
Q

interprets auditory code

A

wernicke’s area

62
Q

controls basic biological structures

A

hindbrain

63
Q

controls blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing

A

medulla oblongata

64
Q

involved in facial expressions, sleep, and swallowing

A

pons

65
Q

connects hindbrain with midbrain and forebrain

A

pons

66
Q

coordination and fine muscle movements

A

cerebellum

67
Q

reticular formation; controls arousal and ability to focus our attention

A

midbrain

68
Q

what makes us human, largest part of the brain

A

forebrain

69
Q

receives sensory signals and sends them to other parts of the forebrain

A

thalamus

70
Q

controls body temperature, sexual arousal, hunger, thirst, and the endocrine system

A

hypothalamus

71
Q

storage of memories

A

hippocampus

72
Q

process of memory and volatile emotions like anger

A

amygdala

73
Q

divides the two hemispheres

A

corpus callosum

74
Q

logic and sequential tasks

A

left hemisphere

75
Q

spatial and creative tasks

A

right hemisphere

76
Q

when the brain is damages it will attempt to find ways to reroute messages

A

brain plasticity

MY psych cards (16 decks)

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