Module8 Flashcards
Closed-ended Questions
Questions for which participants choose from a limited number of alternatives.
Cluster Sampling
A sampling technique in which clusters of participants that represent the population are used.
Convenience Sampling
A sampling technique in which participants are obtained wherever they can be found and typically wherever is convenient for the researcher.
Demographic Questions
Questions that ask for basic information such as age, gender, ethnicity, or income.
Double-barreled Question
A question that asks more than one thing.
Interviewer Bias
The tendency for the person asking the questions to bias the participants’ answers.
Leading Question
A question that sways the respondent to answer in a desired manner.
Likert Rating Scale
A type of numerical rating scale developed by Likert in 1932.
Loaded Question
A question that includes nonneutral or emotionally laden terms.
Mail Survey
A written survey that is self-administered.
Nonprobability Sampling
A sampling technique in which the individual members of the population do not have an equal likelihood of being selected to be a member of the sample.
Open-ended Questions
Questions for which participants formulate their own responses.
Partially Open-ended Questions
Closed-ended questions with an open-ended ?Other? option.
Personal Interview
A survey in which the questions are asked face-to-face.
Probability Sampling
A sampling technique in which each member of the population has an equal likelihood of being selected to be part of the sample.
Quota Sampling
A sampling technique which involves ensuring that the sample is like the population on certain characteristics but which uses convenience sampling to obtain the participants.
Random Selection
A method of generating a random sample in which each member of the population is equally likely to be chosen as part of the sample.
Rating Scale
A numerical scale on which survey respondents indicate the direction and strength of their response.
Representative Sample
A sample that is representative of the population.
Response Bias
The tendency to consistently give the same answer to almost all of the items on a survey.
Sampling Bias
A tendency for one group to be overrepresented in a sample.
Socially Desirable Response
A response that is given because a respondent believes it is deemed appropriate by society.
Stratified Random Sampling
A sampling technique designed to ensure that subgroups or strata are fairly represented.
Telephone Survey
A survey in which the questions are read to participants over the telephone.
