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EMS > Module Four > Flashcards

Module Four Flashcards

1
Q

_____________________ helps you find out what is wrong with the patient and decide what care should be provided

A

PATIENT ASSESMENT

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2
Q

Measuring _____________ over time reveals trends in the patient’s condition

A

VITAL SIGNS

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3
Q

The patient’s _________________ helps you understand his underlying problems

A

HISTORY

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4
Q

When you arrive at the scene of an emergency call, you must _________________ about the patient’s condition

A

GATHER INFORMATION

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5
Q

_______________ are the outward clues about what is happening in the body

A

VITAL SIGNS

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6
Q 
REspiration
PUlse
Skin
Pupils
Blood pressure 
Pulse oximetry

These are the what?

A

The vital signs

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7
Q

_____________ vital signs are the first set of measurements taken

A

BASELINE

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8
Q

Later findings are compared to the baseline to detect ___________

A

TRENDS

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9
Q

Some vitals are detected by ______________

A

LOOKING, LISTENING, AND FEELING

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10
Q

For adults, the respiratory rate is _________________ breaths per minute

A

12-20

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11
Q

Respiratory rates for adults that are less than ____________ or greater than ________ are of concern

A

8

24

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12
Q

When determining the respiratory rate, count the breaths in ___________ seconds and multiply by ________

A

30 seconds

2

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13
Q

A breath is one ___________ + one _________

A

INHALATION

EXHALATION

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14
Q

Ventilate an adult patient breathing at a rate greater than _____________ per minute or an infant or young child breathing at a rate greater than __________ per minute

A

40

60

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15
Q

_________________ occurs and the rate cannot be maintained if they are breathing outside of the normal limits

A

FATIGUE

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16
Q

___________ respiration includes snoring, gurgling, stridor or crowing, wheezing, crackles, and rhonchi

A

NOISY

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17
Q

_______________ is the regularity or irregularity of respirations

A

respiratory rhythm

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18
Q

An______________ in a patient with an altered mental status is a serious concern

A

ABNORMAL PATTERN

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19
Q

The _______________ is the pressure wave generated by the contraction is of the left ventricle, anddirectly reflects heart function

A

PULSE

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20
Q

Where are the pulse locations ?

A

CAROTID

FEMORAL

BRACHIAL

POPLITEAL

POSTERIOR TIBIAL

DORSALIS PEDIS

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21
Q

If a patient is one year or older, check the ______________ pulse

A

RADIAL

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22
Q

If a patient is one year or older without a peripheral pulse, check the __________ pulse

A

CAROTID

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23
Q

If a patient is less than one year of age, check the _____________ pulse

A

BRACHIAL

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24
Q

The pulse rate for adults, the average range is _____________________ beats per minute (resting)

A

60-80

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25
Q

Tachycardia is a heart rate greater than _____________

A

100 bpm

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26
Q

Bradycardia is a heart rate less than ________ beats per minute

A

60

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27
Q

To obtain the pulse rate, palpate the pulse with the tips of ________ or __________ fingers

A

TWO OR THREE

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28
Q

How to you record pulse? What kinds of pulse?

A

STRONG

WEAK

REGULAR

IRREGULAR

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29
Q

When assessing the appearance and condition of the skin, what are the four things you are looking for?

A

color

temperature

condition

capillary refill

30
Q

What are the four normal skin characteristics?

A

pink

warm

dry

capillary refill time (usually less than two seconds)

31
Q

Cool, clammy skin is an early sign of ________

A

SHOCK

32
Q

You check the pupils for what three things?

A

SIZE

EQUALITY

REACTIVITY TO LIGHT

33
Q

____________ is the force of blood against arterial walls

A

BLOOD PRESSURE

34
Q

_______________ blood pressure is the higher pressure present during contraction of the left ventricle

A

SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE

35
Q

___________ pressure reflects ejection of blood from the left ventricle

A

SYSTOLIC

36
Q

____________ pressure reflects vascular resistance and blood volume

A

DIASTOLIC

37
Q

Take a blood pressure in all patients ___________ years and older

A

THREE

38
Q

Low blood pressure is an indicator of _________________

A

HYPOPERFUSION

39
Q

High blood pressure can damage the ____________________

A

HEART AND VESSELS

40
Q

How many numbers do you get when you calculate a “palpated” blood pressure?

A

ONE

41
Q

How do you write a palpated blood pressure?

A

110/p

42
Q

______________ vital signs are assessed in patients with suspected volume loss

A

orthostatic

43
Q

W HEN TAKING ORTHOSTATIC VITAL SIGNS, OBTAIN BLOOD PRESSURE FIRST WITH THE PATIENT _______________ , AND THEN ____________ MINUTES AFTER HE STANDS UP

A

supine

two

44
Q

A positive orthostatic changes are a drop in systolic BP of ______ to _____ mmHg

A

10-20

45
Q

A positive orthostatic change is an increase in heart rate greater than ______ to _____ bpm

A

10-20

46
Q

Reassess vital signs every _______ minutes for stable patients

A

15

47
Q

Reassess vital signs every ___________ minutes for unstable patients

A

5

48
Q

_______________ detects hypoxia by measureing the amount of oxygen in the blood

A

PULSE OXIMETRY

49
Q

An SpO2 less than ___________ percent indicates hypoxia

A

94 PERCENT

50
Q

An Sp02 less than _____________ percent indicates severe hypoxia

A

90 PERCENT

51
Q

Use _______________ in conjunction with other assessments to determine what interventions are needed

A

PULSE OXIMETRY

52
Q

_____________ may be inaccurate in these instances::

Shock

Hypothermia

Excessive patient movement

Nail polish

Carbon monoxide exposure, including from cigarette smoking

Anemia

A

PULSE OXIMETRY

53
Q

A ________________________ can be set to reassess the blood pressure at selected intervals, or can be activated manully

A

NONINVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE

54
Q

Alarms can be set to signal pressures that exceed or fall below set upper and lower limites in __________________

A

NONINVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE

55
Q

When preparing to take the history, obtain _____________ from the person providing care before your arrival

A

INFORMAITION

56
Q

The history begins with the reason why EMS was called, which is the ______________

A

CHIEF COMPLAINT

57
Q

The history helps to guide the physical _______________

A

EXAMINAITON

58
Q

The best person to get the history form is the __________________

A

patient

59
Q

Take _________________ to document importan information

A

NOTES

60
Q

________________ ended questions can yield information, but _____________ ended questions are also usefule

A

OPEN

CLOSED

61
Q

____________ is a mnemonic to help you remember what information to gather

A

SAMPLE

62
Q

What does SAMPLE stand for?

A

SYMPTOMS

ALLERGIES

MEDICATION

PERTITENT PAST HISTORY

LAST ORAL INTAKE

E

63
Q

What does the acronym OPQRST stand for?

A

ONSET

PROVOCATION

QUALITY

RADIATION

SEVERITY

TIME

64
Q

The mnemonic _____________helps you evaluate the signs and symptoms

A

OPQRST

65
Q

What are the three basic goals of scene size up?

A

IDENTIFY HAZARDS

DETERMINE THE NATURE OF THE PROBLEM

RECOGNIZE THE NEED FOR ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

66
Q

Use the ____________ level of PPE being used by other personnel

A

SAME

67
Q

Ensuring scene safety is a dynamic and ________________ process

A

ONGOING

68
Q

Scene safety requires EMT ____________

A

LEADERSHIP

69
Q

___________________ is how the patient was injured

A

MOI

70
Q

Use the ______________ to develop the extent of the injury

A

MOI

71
Q

A significant impact is a deformity to the vehicle greater than ____________ inches

A

20

72
Q

A significant impact is an intrusion into the _____________ compartment

A

PASSENGER

EMS (19 decks)

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