Module 8: Nature, Nurture, and Evolution

Question 1

Genetic Essentialism

Answer 1

inherent essential core quality of a person that cannot be changed, incorrect

Question 2

Epigenetics

Answer 2

describing how genes and environment interact, describing on and off switches for genes

Question 3

Adaptive

Answer 3

if it increases the likelihood that you’ve survived and reproduced, such that you’ve passed on genes to the next generation

Question 4

Evolutionary Selection

Answer 4

how did certain sets of genes, set you up to be more likely to pass them on

Question 5

Parental Investment Theory

Answer 5

in order to pass their genes on, there is a minimum amount of effort you can take

Question 6

Paternity Uncertainty

Answer 6

Fathers dont always know with 100% certainty that the baby is theirs

Question 7

Sexual Selection Theory

Answer 7

how evolution has shaped us to provide a mating advantage rather than just a survival advantage and occurs though intrasexual competition and intersexual selection

Question 8

Intrasexual Competition

Answer 8

when members of one sex compete against each other

Question 9

Intersexual Selection

Answer 9

preferential mate choice

Question 10

Gene Selection Theory

Answer 10

Genes are info thart is passed along in DNAthat tells the cells and molecules how to build the organism and how that organism should behave

• Influence odds of survival and reproduction
• Influence organism to helo other organisms who also contain those genes

Question 11

Psychological Adaptations

Answer 11

mechanisms of the mind that have evolved to solve specific problems of survival

Question 12

Error Management Theory

Answer 12

Evolution of how we think, make decisions, and evaluate uncertain situations

Question 13

Behavioral Genetics

Answer 13

how genes and environment work together to influence behavior

Question 14

Adoption Study

Answer 14

A behavior genetic research method that involves comparison of adopted children to their adoptive and biological parents.

Question 15

Twin Study

Answer 15

A behavior genetic research method that involves comparison of the similarity of identical (monozygotic; MZ) and fraternal (dizygotic; DZ) twins

Question 16

Quantitative Genetics

Answer 16

scientific discipline in which similarities among indiv are analyzed based on how biologically related they are

Question 17

Heritability Coefficient

Answer 17

From 0 - 1

• meant to propvide a single measure of genetics influence f a train
• does not match up with nature nurture intuitions
• heritability coefficient is that it divides traits’ determinants into two portions—genes and environment—which are then calculated together for the total variability.

Question 18

Lamarck Thoery

Answer 18

What a person does in their lifetime, could be directly passed to their kids

Question 19

Gene - Environment Interaction

Answer 19

For many traits, genetic differences affect behavior under some environmental circumstance but not others