Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

APES > Module 8 > Flashcards

Module 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Homeostasis

A

The ability to experience relatively stable internal conditions in their bodies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBS)

A

A group of industrial compound’s that were once used to manufacture plastics and insulate electrical transformers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Neurotoxin

A

Chemicals that disrupt the nervous systems of animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Carcinogen

A

A chemical that causes cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mutagen

A

A type of carcinogen that causes damage to the genetic material of a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Teratogen

A

A chemical that interferes with the normal development of embryo or fetuses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Allergen

A

A chemical that causes allergic reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Endocrine disruptors

A

A chemical that interferes with the normal functions of hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Levee

A

A enlarged bank built in on each side of the river

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dikes

A

Structures to prevent ocean waters form flooding adjacent land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Reservoir

A

The water body created by damaging a river or stream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fish ladder

A

A stair like structure with water flowing over them which allows migrating fish to get around a dam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Desalinization

A

A process for obtaining fresh water by removing the salt from salt water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Oxygen sag curve

A

The relationship of oxygen concentrations to the distance from a point source of decomposing sewage or other pollutants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Thermal Shock

A

A dramatic change in temperatures that can kill many species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

persistence

A

A length of time a chemical remains in the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Persistent Orgnaic pollutants (POP)

A

Synthetic, carbon based molecules that break down very slowly in the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Route of exposure

A

The way in which an individual might come in contact with a hazard or chemical.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Bioaccumulation

A

The selective absorption and concetration of a chemical within an organism over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Biomagnifiction

A

The increase in chemical concentration in animal tissues as the chemical moves up the food chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Municipal solid Waste (MSW)

A

Solid waste collected by municipalities from households, small businesses, and insistutions such as schools, prisons, municipal buildings, and hospitals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Leachate

A

Liquid that can contain elevated levels of polltants as a result of having passed through the solid waste of a landfills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Sanitary landfill

A

An engineered ground facility designed to hold MSW with little contamination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Incineration

A

The process of burning waste materials to reduce volume and mass, and sometimes generate electricity and heat

25
Superfund Act
Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act that is used to clean up hazardous waste site and hold responsible parties liable for contamination.
26
Source reduction
An approach to waste management that seeks to cut waste by reducing the use of potential waste materials in the early stages of design and manufacture
27
Closed loop recycling
Recycling a product into the same product
28
Open loop recycling
Recycling one product into a different product
29
Integrated waste management
An approach to waste disposal that reduces manages and uses disposal strains to educate cost andc environmental impacts
30
Biochemical oxygen demand
The amount of oxygen a quantity of water uses over a period of time at a specific tempurtures
31
Cultural Eutrophication
An increase in fertility in a body of water the result of anthropogenic inputs of nutrients
32
Fecal Coliform bacteria
A group of microorganisms that live in the intestines and could be potentially harmful and are associated with sewage
33
Septic system
A real actively small and simple sewage treatment system, made up of a septic tank and a leach field often used for homes in rural areas
34
Septic tank
A large container that receives wastewater from a house as part of septic system
35
Sludge
Solid waste material from wastewater
36
Septage
A layer of fairly clear water found in the middle of a septic tank
37
Leach field
Made up of underground pipes laid out below the surface of the ground
38
Dose response study
Exposes animals to different amounts of chemicals and then looks for a variety of possible responses, including mortality or changes in behavior or reproduction
39
Acute / Chronic Studt
Exposes animal to a chemical for either a long or short duration
40
LD50
A lethal dose of a chemical that kills 50% of the individuals in a dose response study
41
Subtheal effect
Doesn’t kill the organism but impairs organism behavior, physiology, or reproduction
42
ED50
Dose of chemical that causes 50% of individuals to display harmful but nonlethal effect
43
Innocent until proven guilty principle
Belief that a potential hazard should not be considered an actual hazard until the scientific fact definitely demonstrated that it actually causes harm
44
Precautionary principle
Belief that when a hazard is plausible but not certain, we should take action to reduce it
45
Stockholm convention
Agreement amount 127 nations concerning 12 chemicals to be banned or phased out
46
Restrospective study
A study that monitors people who have been exposed to an environmental hazard such as a chemical
47
Prospective study
A study that monitors people who might become exposed to an environmental. Hazard such as a chemical
48
Synergistic interaction
A situation in which two risks together cause more harm than expected based on the separate effects of each risk alone
49
Infectious disease
A disease caused by a pathogen
50
Acute / Chronic disease
A disease that rapidly or slowly affects the body
51
Dysentery
An infection of the intestines that causes diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration and cause death
52
Plague
An infectious disease caused by a bacterium
53
Emergent infectious disease
A disease that had not been previously described or has not been common for the least 20 years prior
54
AIDS
An infectious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus
55
HIV
Virus that causes AIDS
56
Prion
A small beneficial protein that occasionally mutates into a pathogen
57
Clean Water Act
Legislation that supports the protection of fish, shellfish, and wildlife by maintaining and when necessary respirating biological properties of water
58
Safe drinking Water Act
Legislation that sets national standard for safe drinking water
59
Maximums Contaminant level (MCL)
The Santander’s for safe drinking water

APES (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions