MODULE 7 (NEW)

Question 1

comes from the Greek word strategos,
which has its roots in military language.

Answer 1

Strategy

Question 2

The process of investigation, analysis, and
decision making that provides the company
with the criteria for attaining a competitive
advantage.

Answer 2

Strategy Formulation

Question 3

It is when an organization engages in different generic strategies where organizations positions itself relative to its competitors

Answer 3

Strategy Formulation

Question 4

The process by which strategies and policies
are put into action through the development
of programs, budgets, and procedures.

Answer 4

Strategy Implementation

Question 5

It is when an organization develops
strategies for achieving company’s goals in
light of its environment.

Answer 5

Strategy Implementation

Question 6

is a process for analyzing a company’s competitive situation, developing the company’s strategic
goals, and devising a plan of action and allocation of resources (human, organizational, and physical) that will increase the
likelihood of achieving those goals.

Answer 6

Strategic Management

Question 7

(SHRM)can be thought of as “the pattern of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to enable an organization to achieve its goals.”

Answer 7

Strategic human resource management (SHRM)

Question 8

focused on day-to-day activities

Answer 8

Administrative Linkage

Question 9

firm’s strategic business planning function develops the strategic plan and then informs the HRM function of the plan

Answer 9

One-Way Linkage

Question 10

allows for consideration of human resource issues during the strategy formulation process

Answer 10

Two-Way Linkage

Question 11

based on
continuing rather than sequential
interaction

Answer 11

Integrative Linkage

Question 12

Five important variables determine success in strategy implementation

Answer 12

organizational structure;
task design;
the selection, training, and development of people;
reward systems;
and types of information and information systems.

Question 13

the ___________strategyfocuses on becoming the lowest cost producer in an industry.

Answer 13

“overall cost leadership”

Question 14

attempts to create the impression that the
company’s product or service is different from that of others in the industry.

Answer 14

“differentiation”

Question 15

An emphasis on acquiring vendors and suppliers or buying businesses that allow a company to expand into new markets.

Answer 15

External Growth Strategy

Question 16

A strategy focusing on increasing market share, reducing costs, or creating and maintaining a market niche for products and services.

Answer 16

Concentration Strategy

Question 17

The planned elimination of large numbers of personnel, designed to enhance organizational effectiveness.

Answer 17

Downsizing

Question 18

A focus on new market and product development, innovation, and joint ventures.

Answer 18

Internal Growth Strategy

Question 19

consist of the strategies that evolve from the grassroots of the organization and can be thought of as what organizations actually do, as opposed to what they intend to do

Answer 19

Emergent Strategies

Question 20

companies are becoming interested in the idea of a “learning organization,” in which
people continually expand their capacity to achieve the results they desire.

Answer 20

Enhancing Firm Competitiveness

Question 21

is a process of analyzing tasks necessary for production of a product or service, prior to assigning tasks to a particular job category or person.

Answer 21

Work-flow design

Question 22

refers to the relatively stable and formal network of vertical and horizontal interconnections among jobs that constitute the organization.

Answer 22

Organization structure

Question 23

Work-flow analysis includes analyzing:

Answer 23

work outputs
work processes
work inputs

Question 24

is the result of work carried out by people using equipment or service over a certain unit of time. Identifying an output or set of outputs is not sufficient.

Answer 24

Work output

Question 25

are the activities that members of a work unit engage in to produce a given output. Process consist of operating procedures and these procedures includes all the task that must be performed in the production of the output.

Answer 25

Work processes

Question 26

is processes that emphasize manufacturing goods with minimum amount of time, materials, money and people to leverage technology and flexible, well-trained and skilled personnel to produce more custom products for less.

Answer 26

Lean Production

Question 27

use large groups of low skilled employees to churn out long runs of identical mass products stored in inventories for later sale.

Answer 27

Batch Work Methods

Question 28

refers to the degree to which decision-making authority resides at the top of the organizational chart as opposed to being distributed throughout lower levels.

Answer 28

Centralization

Question 29

refers to the degree to the degree to which work units are grouped based on functional similarity or similarity of work flow. It also refers to the formal structure of the organization, composed of various departments and managerial positions and their relationships with each other.

Answer 29

Departmentalization

Question 30

a systematic investigation of task, duties and responsibilities of a job and the necessary
knowledge, skills and abilities of the person needs to perform the job adequately.

Answer 30

JOB ANALYSIS

Question 31

People who collects information about job content, how the job is done and the personal requirements needed to do the job successfully.

Answer 31

Job Analyst

Question 32

is an effort where job responsibilities and tasks are reviewed, and possibly re-allocated among staff, to improve output. Redesigning jobs can lead to improvements in both productivity and in job satisfaction.

Answer 32

Job redesign

Question 33

is the process of making sure there’s adequate staffing, and that employees are qualified to meet the needs of the company.

Answer 33

Human resource planning

Question 34

identifies the most qualified applicants for employment

Answer 34

Selection

Question 35

is the process of increasing the knowledge and skills of an employee for doing a particular job.

Answer 35

Training

Question 36

is a regular review of an employee’s job performance and overall contribution to
a company.

Answer 36

Performance appraisal

Question 37

entails matching an individual’s skills and aspirations with opportunities that are or may become available in the organizations.

Answer 37

Career Planning

Question 38

is a systematic way of determining the value/worth of a job in relation to other jobs in an
organization.

Answer 38

Job Evaluation

Question 39

describes the duties and responsibilities of the job in a manner that can range from global to a very detailed description of tasks and procedural steps

Answer 39

Job Content

Question 40

identify the formal qualification, knowledge, skills, abilities and personal characteristics that employees need to perform the content of the job in a particular situation or context

Answer 40

Job Requirement

Question 41

refers to situational and supporting
information about a particular job.

Answer 41

Job context

Question 42

job analysts conduct interviews with incumbents to collect information about
their tasks and how they are coping with them.

Answer 42

Job Analysis Method: Interview

Question 43

job analysis method requires employees, supervisors, and managers to fill out forms,
namely questionnaires.

Answer 43

Job Analysis Method: Questionnaires

Question 44

enables job analysts to observe employees in their daily routines.

Answer 44

Job Analysis Method: Observation

Question 45

involves using standardized work procedures and having employees perform repetitive, precisely, defined and simplified task

Answer 45

JOB SPECIALIZATION

Question 46

horizontal expansion of a job by adding similar duties and responsibilities

Answer 46

JOB ENLARGEMENT

Question 47

increase task variety by
moving the employee from one job to another

Answer 47

JOB ROTATION

Question 48

vertical expansion of a job
by adding planning and decision-making
responsibilities

Answer 48

JOB ENRICHMENT

Question 49

identifying the simplest way to structure work that maximizes efficiency.

Answer 49

Mechanistic Approach

Question 50

focuses on the job characteristics that affect the psychological meaning and motivational potential, and it views attitudinal variables as the most important outcomes of job design.

Answer 50

Motivational Approach

Question 51

A theme common to nearly all organizations is the need to identify clearly the outputs of work, to specify the quality and quantity standards for those outputs, and to analyze the processes and inputs necessary for
producing outputs that meet the quality standards.

Answer 51

Biological Approach

Question 52

has its roots in the human-factors literature and focuses on human mental capabilities and limitations.

Answer 52

Perceptual-Motor Approach