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HLTH 342 > Module 7: Lifespan View of Sexuality > Flashcards

Module 7: Lifespan View of Sexuality Flashcards

1
Q

is sexuality the same throughout life

A

no

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2
Q

when is infancy

A

first year of life

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3
Q

when does the sexual response system begin to function

A

before birth

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4
Q

when do babies begin to have erections (male: penile, female: clitoral)

A
  • in utero or infancy
  • may be born with them or have them during the first few weeks
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5
Q

why do babies get erections

A
  • response to stimulation
  • NOT because of sexual arousal
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6
Q

why is it important for parents and caretakers to show physical affections and emotional support to infants

A

to create a basis for security and trust necessary for future intimate relationships

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7
Q

describe pelvic thrusting in infancy

A
  • infants will thrust their pelvis forward as an expression of affection and/or excitement
  • observed in infants at 8-10 months
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8
Q

when does touching and genital play begin

A

6-8 months

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9
Q

why do infants touch there genitals

A
  • exploration of body through touch
  • discovering stimulation causes pleasurable feelings
  • NOT for sexual arousal
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10
Q

why is it important for parents to not overreact to infants touching their genitals

A

teaches shame and anxiety about that aspect of their body

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11
Q

what should parents do if they observe their child touching their genitals in public

A
  • ignore it
  • gently redirect them to something else
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12
Q

when is childhood

A

ages 2-12 years (ends at start of puberty)

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13
Q

is it normal for children to touch themselves and visually examine their own and other’s bodies

A

yes

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14
Q

why do children touch themselves and visually examine their own and other’s bodies

A
  • exploring their body
  • trying to understand why their body may look different to others
  • NOT for sexual reasons
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15
Q

what percent of children aged 2-5 touch their sex parts in public

A

30%

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16
Q

describe the trend of children touching their sex parts in public as they age

A

decreases with age

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17
Q

what percent of children aged 2-5 touch their sex parts at home

A

78%

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18
Q

describe the trend of children touching their sex parts at home as they age

A

decreases with age

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19
Q

what percent of children aged 10-12 use words that describe sex acts

A

28%

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20
Q

describe the trend of children using words that describe sex acts as they age

A

increases with age

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21
Q

what percent of children aged 2-5 kiss other children not in the family

A

63%

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22
Q

describe the trend of children kissing other children not in the family as they age

A

decreases with age

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23
Q

what percent of children aged 10-12 are shy about undressing

A

32%

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24
Q

describe the trend of children being shy about undressing as they age

A

increases with age

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25
Q

what percent of children aged 2-5 “play doctor” with other children

A

53%

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26
Q

describe the trend of children “playing doctor” with other children as they age

A

decreases with age

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27
Q

list tips for parents regarding their child’s sexual behavior

A
  • never respond negatively to typical infant and childhood behavior
  • respond to a child’s question directly and honestly, and give only information requested
  • respect their privacy
  • help them understand that such sexual behaviors are private and not done publicly
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28
Q

how can you tell the difference between normal childhood sex play and abuse

A
  • it is not always easy
  • look at multiple signs (physical, behavioral, emotional)
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29
Q

list emotions that may become prevalent if a child is being sexually abused

A
  • depression
  • listlessness (no energy or excitement)
  • withdrawing
  • aggression
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30
Q

why do many children exhibit aggression if they are being abused

A

expression of feeling out of control

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31
Q

what are some signs that MAY point towards a child being abused

A
  • forcing sex play with another child with a greater than 3-year age difference
  • constant touching of adult’s genitals
  • regressive behaviors: less independence, bed wetting
  • physical signs: bruising, bleeding (especially in sexual organ areas)
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32
Q

how would you teach a child about the difference between “good touching” and “bad touching”

A
  • teach consent
  • should never be touched in a way that makes you feel bad
  • swimsuit rule: people shouldn’t touch you in places that are covered by a swimsuit
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33
Q

when is adolescence

A
  • between puberty and adulthood
  • 12 to 22
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34
Q

when is preadolescence

A

9 to 13

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35
Q

describe behaviors that occur during preadolescence

A
  • same-sex best friend
  • sex-segregated groups
  • girls are “dorks” and boys are “gross”
  • increasingly preoccupied and self-conscious about body and needing peer approval
36
Q

what do adolescents become increasingly aware of

A
  • their own and others’ sexuality
  • physical appearance
  • gender identity
  • sexual orientation
37
Q

how do physical changes begin during adolescence

A

the hypothalamus tells the pituitary gland to release gonadotropins which tell testicles/ovaries to produce sex hormones

38
Q

what physical changes occur during adolescence in boys

A
  • growth of pubic, underarm, and facial hair
  • deepened voice
  • enlarging of penis and testicles
  • testicles begin the production of sperm
  • prostate gland and seminal vesicles begin to function, making ejaculation possible
  • semenarche occurs
39
Q

define semenarche

A
  • first ejaculation
  • when fertility begins for boys
  • at 12-13 y/o on average
40
Q

what physical changes occur during adolescence in girls

A
  • pubic and underarm hair grow
  • ovaries increase estrogen production
  • hair darkens
  • breasts begin to grow
  • menarche occurs
  • growth spurt that is faster than boys
  • enlargement of genital area
  • body image becomes very important
41
Q

define breast buds

A
  • the first development of breast tissue
  • firm
  • marble-sized
  • right behind the nipple
42
Q

when do women typically stop growing in height

A

within 2 years of their first period

43
Q

how many normal weight adolescent girls go on a diet

A

1/3

44
Q

how much more likely are women to have eating disorders than men

A

2-3x

45
Q

what psychological changes occur during adolescence

A
  • increasing independence
  • resolving and feeling secure in sexual identity (for some people)
  • risky sexual behavior is normative
  • developing self-esteem and self-control
46
Q

what risky sexual behaviors are considered normative during adolescnce

A
  • early sexual debut (before age 13)
  • multiple sexual partners
  • not using condoms, pulling out
47
Q

how many adolescents have had sex (oral, vaginal, anal) by age 17

A

2/3

48
Q

when is adulthood

A

22+

49
Q

describe the sex life of adult singles

A
  • have sex less frequently than people in long-term relationships
  • report less pleasurable sex
  • some practice serial monogamy, friends with benefits, or casual sex
  • more vulnerable to risky sexual behaviors and STIs
50
Q

what is the number 1 STI on college campuses

A

chlamydia

51
Q

define cohabitation

A

living situation in which two adults involved in an emotional and sexual relationship share a common residence for 4 nights a week for 3 months

52
Q

describe the trend in the rate of couples that cohabitate before marraige

A

increasing

53
Q

how many cohabitating couples are there in the US

A

7.5 million

54
Q

does cohabitating before marriage impact the chance of a successful marriage

A

no

55
Q

how many marriages in the US are preceded by cohabitation

A

more than half

56
Q

what is the lifestyle that most american adults choose

A

marriage

57
Q

are more or less people getting married

A

less

58
Q

what percent of people have been married at least once by the time they’re 65

A

95%

59
Q

describe the sex life of married adults

A
  • report the best sex
  • have sex twice a week
  • most socially accepted relationship type to have sex
60
Q

what is the average age of marriage for men and women in 2024

A
  • men: 29
  • women: 27
61
Q

what was the average age of marriage for men and women in 1920

A
  • men: 24.5
  • women: 21.5
62
Q

when was the average age of marriage the lowest

A

1949, after WWII

63
Q

what was the average age of marriage for men and women in 1949

A
  • men: 22
  • women: 20
64
Q

what percent of marriages in the US end in divorce

A

48%

65
Q

how long on average do divorced people wait until getting into another relationship

A

12-18 months

66
Q

list reasons for divorce

A
  • relaxation of legal restrictions of divorce
  • increased economic independence of women
  • people have higher expectations of marriage compared to previous generations
  • problems with communication and a lack of understanding
67
Q

describe what is means that texas is a no fault state in divorces

A
  • cannot assign blame to the divorce
  • assets are generally split 50/50
68
Q

when is middle adulthood

A
  • 40 to 60
  • when the last child leaves the house
69
Q

describe the sex life of middle adulthood adults

A
  • have sex once a week
  • women undergoing menopause
  • men undergoing andropause
  • many couples who continue to have sex report improved sex in this stage
70
Q

define menopause

A
  • cessation of menstruation
  • decreased level of the hormone estrogen
71
Q

what are the effects of menopause

A
  • increased risk of osteoporosis
  • vaginal dryness
  • vaginal atrophy (thinning of vaginal walls)
  • hot flashes
  • emotional changes
72
Q

what percent of people with osteoporosis are postmenopausal women

A

80%

73
Q

define andropause

A
  • decreased levels of testosterone
  • also called “manopause”
74
Q

what are the effects of andropause

A
  • decreased libido
  • erection problems: difficulty achieving and maintaining erections
  • weight gain
  • fatigue
  • loss of muscle mass
75
Q

how can menopause be treated

A
  • symptom by symptom basis
  • no hormone replacement
76
Q

why is there no hormone replacement for menopause

A

giving estrogen causes an increased risk of breast cancer in those over the age of 35

77
Q

how can andropause be treated

A

hormone replacement therapy through gels, patches, or injections

78
Q

describe some things to consider when using testosterone hormone replacement therapy in the form of gels

A
  • wait 1 hour before washing the area the gel was applied
  • avoid contacting others in the area the gel was applied (especially children)
79
Q

when is senior years

A

65+

80
Q

describe the sex life of seniors

A
  • frequency and desire for sex drops
  • have sex once every 6 weeks
  • those who remain sexually active report higher levels of enjoyment
  • both sexes have physical effects on sexual organs
81
Q

what are physical aspects of aging that affect the sex lives of senior males

A
  • penis decreases in size
  • erections take longer to achieve and are less rigid
  • longer refractory period between erections
82
Q

what are physical aspects of aging that affect the sex lives of senior females

A
  • takes longer to lubricate vagina
  • decrease in length and width of vagina
83
Q

what medications can help men with erections and sexual performance

A
  • viagra
  • cialis
  • levitra
84
Q

what is the main difference between viagra and cialis

A
  • viagra is taken as needed
  • cialis is taken everyday
85
Q

does older age signal the end of sexual behavior

A

no

86
Q

describe why STIs are common among elders

A
  • lack of education
  • women live 4-5 years longer than men so many senior living homes are full of more women than men leading to the men having multiple sexual partners
87
Q

what STIs are increasing among the elderly

A
  • syphilis
  • gonorrhea

HLTH 342 (9 decks)

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