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HLTH 342 > Module 1: An Introduction to Human Sexuality > Flashcards

Module 1: An Introduction to Human Sexuality Flashcards

1
Q

why do we study human sexuality?

A
  • to gain factual knowledge
  • to develop a positive attitude toward sex
  • to clarify sexual values and ethics
  • to improve communication
  • to understand sexual arousal and response
  • to understand sexual problems
  • to enhance professional practice
  • to become comfortable with the subject
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2
Q

what constitutes having sex?

A
  • different ideas for different people
  • penetrative sex, oral, vaginal, anal, digital, sex toys, mutual masturbation, etc.
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3
Q

what are some things that sex can refer to?

A
  • anatomic sex of male or female
  • anatomic structures
  • behaviors
  • feelings and desires
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4
Q

what percent of people are intersex

A

10%

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5
Q

what is the difference between sex and gender

A
  • sex is a biologically determined aspect of someone, it refers to the anatomic reproductive structures that someone is born with
  • gender is a personal identification of how one feels about themselves, this can be the same or different from anatomical sex
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6
Q

define human sexuality

A

our experiences and our expressions of ourselves as sexual beings, which are affected by our culture

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7
Q

define sexual values

A

moral guidelines for making sexual decisions in relationships

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8
Q

what are the three types of sexual values

A
  • absolutism
  • relativism
  • hedonism
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9
Q

describe the absolutism sexual value system

A
  • unconditional power and authority of religion, law, or tradition
  • choices are based on what is right or wrong (determined by a higher power)
  • black and white thinking
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10
Q

what percent of college students are absolutists in their sexual values?

A

15%

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11
Q

are absolutists more likely male or female and why?

A
  • majority female
  • women are generally expected to protect their virginity and they will bear the burden of sex (children)
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12
Q

describe the relativism sexual value system

A
  • emphasizes consideration of the context of a situation when making sexual decisions
  • it depends on the situation and certain conditions
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13
Q

what percent of college students are relativists in their sexual values?

A

70%

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14
Q

are relativists more likely male or female and why?

A

it is mostly equal between men and women

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15
Q

describe the hedonism sexual value system

A
  • the idea that the pursuit of please and avoidance of pain provide the ultimate motivation for sexual behavior
  • sensation seeking
  • if it feels good, do it
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16
Q

what percent of college students are hedonists in their sexual values?

A

14%

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17
Q

are hedonists more likely male or female and why?

A
  • more likely male
  • societal standards of it being okay or even encouraged for men to have more sexual partners
18
Q

list 8 influences on human sexuality

A
  • education
  • sexual self-concept
  • values and religion
  • emotions
  • behaviors
  • media and technology
  • reproduction
  • family and peers
19
Q

define sexual self-concept

A

how to identify yourself generally, sexually, and in the context of your relationship

20
Q

which two religions discusses in class generally teach that premarital sex is not okay

A
  • Christianity
  • Islam
21
Q

describe how media and technology influence human sexuality

A
  • make it easier to access information about sex
  • some information may be incorrect, leading to confusion
  • creates more complexity within human sexuality
  • reflects society’s views on sexuality
22
Q

how often are sexual choices made

A
  • over and over
  • every time you encounter something sexual
23
Q

what are the five factors involved in sexual decisions

A
  • not to decide is to decide
  • decisions involve trade-offs
  • decisions include selecting a positive or negative view
  • decisions can produce ambivalence/uncertainty
  • some decisions are revocable, some are not
24
Q

describe this sexual decision factor: not to decide is to decide

A
  • if you don’t make explicit sexual decisions about what you will and will not do, you are still choosing a course of action
  • not deciding with a partner about usage of condoms = not using condoms
25
Q

describe this sexual decision factor: choices involve trade-offs

A
  • a choice eliminates other options
  • a choice can carry risks and benefits
26
Q

describe this sexual decision factor: decisions include selecting a positive or negative view

A
  • choices are not always negative
  • regardless of your circumstances, you can choose to focus on the positive aspects of a difficult situation and to approach it as a problem to be solved
27
Q

describe this sexual decision factor: decisions produce ambivalence/uncertainty

A
  • ambivalence: conflicting feelings that produce uncertainty or indecisiveness about your course of action
  • not knowing what to do or which decision to make
  • once you make a decision, you may regret it or you may not
28
Q

describe this sexual decision factor: some decisions are revocable, some are not

A
  • some choices can be changed and others cannot
  • can be changed: using a condom when having sex
  • cannot be changed: having a child, terminating a pregnancy
29
Q

what steps should you take when making sexual choices

A
  • be sure of your values and goals (boundaries)
  • identify feelings and emotions
  • explore all alternative possible choices
  • be fully informed on short- and long-term consequences of your choice
  • ask for input and advice from trusted friends if necessary
  • implement your choice
30
Q

what percent of teen females and teen males learn about sexual health from their parents

A
  • teen females: 78%
  • teen males: 70%
31
Q

what percent of teen females and teen males learn about sexual health from their clinician

A
  • teen females: 7%
  • teen males: 13%
32
Q

what percent of adolescents use the internet for sex education

A

20% to 76.5%

33
Q

has the percentage of schools teaching sex education increased or decreased across a range of topics

A

decreased

34
Q

describe the information taught and not in most sex ed programs

A
  • most programs emphasize biological aspects like puberty education
  • few programs deal with “controversial” topics such as sexual orientation, abortion, masturbation, etc.
35
Q

what does sex education do

A
  • promotes healthy behaviors
  • meets parental expectations
  • addresses bullying, harassment, and relationship violence
36
Q

does sex education encourage sexual activity

A

no

37
Q

what healthy behaviors does sex education promote

A
  • delays the onset of sexual activity, reduces early sexual debut (under 12y/o) by 2 years
  • decreases the number of sexual partners by 1-2
  • increases safer sex practices such as condom use
  • reduces the frequency of sexual activity
38
Q

what percent of parents support comprehensive sex education

A

80-85%

39
Q

what percent of LGBT students experience harassment in schools

A

90%

40
Q

how does harassment in schools affect LGBT students

A
  • lower GPA
  • more likely to commit suicide and suffer from self-harm
41
Q

what percent of teens are physically harmed by their boyfriend or girlfriend each year

A

10%

HLTH 342 (4 decks)

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